Manipulating variables

At this point, we know exactly what variables are, the main types they can be, and how to declare and initialize them. We still can't do that much with them, however. We need to manipulate our variables; add them; take them away; and multiply, divide, and test them.

First, we will deal with how we can manipulate them and then we will look at how and why we test them.

C++ arithmetic and assignment operators

In order to manipulate variables, C++ has a range of arithmetic operators and assignment operators. Fortunately, most arithmetic and assignment operators are quite intuitive to use and those that aren't are quite easy to explain. To get us started, let's look at a table of arithmetic operators, followed by a table of assignment operators, all of which we will regularly use throughout this book:

And now for the assignment operators:

Important note

Technically, all of these operators...