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You're reading from  Deep Learning with Theano

Product typeBook
Published inJul 2017
PublisherPackt
ISBN-139781786465825
Edition1st Edition
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Christopher Bourez
Christopher Bourez
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Christopher Bourez

Christopher Bourez graduated from Ecole Polytechnique and Ecole Normale Suprieure de Cachan in Paris in 2005 with a Master of Science in Math, Machine Learning and Computer Vision (MVA). For 7 years, he led a company in computer vision that launched Pixee, a visual recognition application for iPhone in 2007, with the major movie theater brand, the city of Paris and the major ticket broker: with a snap of a picture, the user could get information about events, products, and access to purchase. While working on missions in computer vision with Caffe, TensorFlow or Torch, he helped other developers succeed by writing on a blog on computer science. One of his blog posts, a tutorial on the Caffe deep learning technology, has become the most successful tutorial on the web after the official Caffe website. On the initiative of Packt Publishing, the same recipes that made the success of his Caffe tutorial have been ported to write this book on Theano technology. In the meantime, a wide range of problems for Deep Learning are studied to gain more practice with Theano and its application.
Read more about Christopher Bourez

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Cost function and errors


The cost function given the predicted probabilities by the model is as follows:

cost = -T.mean(T.log(model)[T.arange(y.shape[0]), y])

The error is the number of predictions that are different from the true class, averaged by the total number of values, which can be written as a mean:

error = T.mean(T.neq(y_pred, y))

On the contrary, accuracy corresponds to the number of correct predictions divided by the total number of predictions. The sum of error and accuracy is one.

For other types of problems, here are a few other loss functions and implementations:

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Deep Learning with Theano
Published in: Jul 2017Publisher: PacktISBN-13: 9781786465825

Author (1)

author image
Christopher Bourez

Christopher Bourez graduated from Ecole Polytechnique and Ecole Normale Suprieure de Cachan in Paris in 2005 with a Master of Science in Math, Machine Learning and Computer Vision (MVA). For 7 years, he led a company in computer vision that launched Pixee, a visual recognition application for iPhone in 2007, with the major movie theater brand, the city of Paris and the major ticket broker: with a snap of a picture, the user could get information about events, products, and access to purchase. While working on missions in computer vision with Caffe, TensorFlow or Torch, he helped other developers succeed by writing on a blog on computer science. One of his blog posts, a tutorial on the Caffe deep learning technology, has become the most successful tutorial on the web after the official Caffe website. On the initiative of Packt Publishing, the same recipes that made the success of his Caffe tutorial have been ported to write this book on Theano technology. In the meantime, a wide range of problems for Deep Learning are studied to gain more practice with Theano and its application.
Read more about Christopher Bourez

Categorical cross entropy

An equivalent implementation of ours

T.nnet.categorical_crossentropy(model, y_true).mean()

Binary cross entropy

For the case when output can take only two values {0,1}

Typically used after a sigmoid activation predicting the probability, p

T.nnet.binary_crossentropy(model, y_true).mean()

Mean squared error

L2 norm for regression problems

T.sqr(model – y_true).mean()

Mean absolute...