Understanding the elements that compose a class

So far, we worked with a very simple class and many instances of this class in the Playground. Now, it is time to dive deep into the different members of a class.

The following list enumerates the most common element types that you can include in a class definition in Swift and their equivalents in other programming languages. We already worked with a few of these elements:

• Initializers: These are equivalent to constructors in other programming languages

• Deinitializer: This is equivalent to destructors in other programming languages

• Type properties: These are equivalent to class fields or class attributes in other programming languages

• Type methods: These are equivalent to class methods in other programming languages

• Subscripts: These are also known as shortcuts

• Instance properties: This is equivalent to instance fields or instance attributes in other programming languages

• Instance methods: This is equivalent to instance functions in other programming...