Mutability is very important in object-oriented programming. In fact, whenever we expose mutable properties, we create a class that will generate mutable instances. However, sometimes a mutable object can become a problem, and in certain situations, we want to avoid the objects to change their state. For example, when we work with concurrent code, an object that cannot change its state solves many concurrency problems and avoids potential bugs.
For example, we can create an immutable version of the previous MutableVector3D class to represent an immutable 3D vector. The new ImmutableVector3D class has three immutable instance properties declared with the let keyword instead of the previously used var keyword: x, y, and z. We can create a new ImmutableVector3D instance and initialize the immutable instance properties. Then, we can call the sum method with the delta values for x, y, and z as arguments.
The sum public instance method receives the delta values for x,...
