Answers

1. By using the @Scope annotation as shown:

   @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)

2. Beans defined using the singleton scope are instantiated only once per Spring container. The same instance is injected every time it is requested, whereas with a bean defined with the prototype scope, the container creates a new instance every time the injection is done by the Spring container for the requested bean. In short, a container creates a single bean per container for a singleton-scoped bean, whereas a container creates a new instance every time there is a new injection for prototype-scoped beans.
3. Session and request scopes only work when a web-aware Spring context is used. Other scopes that also need a web-aware context to work are application and WebSocket scopes.
4. Advice is an action taken by the Aspect at a specific time (JoinPoint). Aspects perform the additional logic (advice) at a certain point (JoinPoint), such as a method being called, an exception being...