Introducing the if()… else… complex statement

if()… else… is a complex statement that can have two forms – a simple form where the if()… part is present, and a complete form where both the if()… and else… parts are present.

In the if()… else… complex statement, either the true path or the false path will be executed. The path that is not taken will be ignored. In the simplest if()… statement where there is no false path, the true path is executed only if the conditional expression is true.

The statement has two syntactical forms, as follows:

• The simplest form (no false path), as illustrated in the following code snippet:

  if( expression )
    statement1
  statement3         /* next statement to be executed */

• The complete form (both the true path and the false path), as illustrated in the following code snippet:

  if( expression )  ...