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You're reading from Gradle Dependency Management

Product typeBook

Published inJun 2015

Reading LevelIntermediate

Publisher

ISBN-139781784392789

Edition1st Edition

Languages

Java

Tools

Gradle

Concepts

Build Automation

Author (1)

Hubert Klein Ikkink

Chapter 2. Working with Repositories

In the previous chapter, you learned how to define dependencies for your project. Those dependencies are mostly stored somewhere in a repository or a directory structure. A repository usually has a structure to support different versions for the same dependency. Also, some metadata, such as the other dependencies for a module, is saved in the repository.

In our build files, we must define the location of a repository for our dependencies. We can mix different types of repositories, such as Maven and Ivy. We can even use a local filesystem as a repository. We will see how we can define and configure repositories in our build files.

Also, Gradle offers the option of configuring the repository layout, if the repository is using a custom layout. We will learn how to provide credentials for repositories with basic authentication.

Declaring repositories

If we want to add dependencies from a repository in a Gradle build file, we must explicitly add the repositories configuration block. Within the configuration block, we define the location of the repository and maybe some extra configuration. In the following example of a build file, we define a Maven repository with a custom location:

// Repositories configuration block,
// must be present to define and
// configure repositories to get
// dependencies in our build script.
repositories {

  // Sample Maven repository with a
  // custom location.
  maven {
    url 'http://mycompany.net/maven'
  }

}

We can include several repositories in our build file. We can even mix the type of repositories, for example to, include both the Ivy repository and a local filesystem. Gradle supports the following types of repositories:

Using different protocols

The Maven and Ivy repositories can be accessed via several protocols. We already learned that we can use the http and https protocols. However, we can also use the file and sftp protocols. We must provide credentials when we use the sftp protocol. The file protocol doesn't support authentication.

The next example build file will use the file and sftp protocols to define the Maven and Ivy repositories:

repositories {
  ivy {
    // Use file protocol, for example an
    // accessible network share or local directory.
    url 'file://Volumes/shared/developers/repo'
  }

  maven {
    url 'sftp://ourcompany.com:22/repo'

    // With the sftp protocol we must provide
    // the username and password.
    credentials {
      username 'developer'
      password 'secret'
    }
  }
}

Summary

In this chapter, you learned how to define repositories in your Gradle build scripts. You saw how to use predefined shortcut methods: jcenter, mavenCentral, and mavenLocal. To access a Maven repository at a custom location, we can use the url property and the maven method. When we configure an Ivy repository, we have the most control. We can specify a URL, and also the layout pattern of the repository. You learned that you can also use a flat directory repository in your build scripts.

You saw how to provide credentials for repositories with basic authentication. You now know how to save the username and password outside your build script. Finally, you learned how to use different transport protocols to access repositories.

In the next chapter, we will see how Gradle will resolve dependencies.

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Gradle Dependency Management

Published in: Jun 2015Publisher: ISBN-13: 9781784392789

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Author (1)

Hubert Klein Ikkink

Hubert Klein Ikkink was born in 1973 and lives in Tilburg, the Netherlands, with his beautiful wife and gorgeous children. He is also known as mrhaki, which is simply the initials of his name prepended by mr. He studied Information Systems and Management at the Tilburg University. After finishing his studies he started to work at a company which specialized in knowledge-based software. There he started writing his first Java software (yes, an applet!) in 1996. Over the years his focus switched from applets, to servlets, to Java Enterprise Edition applications, to Spring-based software. In 2008 he wanted to have fun again when writing software. The larger projects he was working on were more about writing configuration XML files, tuning performance and less about real development in his eyes. So he started to look around and noticed Groovy as a good language to learn about. He could still use existing Java code, libraries, and his Groovy classes in Java. The learning curve isnâ€™t steep and to support his learning phase he wrote down interesting Groovy facts in his blog with the title Groovy Goodness. He posts small articles with a lot of code samples to understand how to use Groovy. Since November 2011 he is also a DZone Most Valuable Blogger (MVB); DZone also posts his blog items on their site. In 2010, 2011, and 2012 Hubert was invited to speak at Gr8Conf in Copenhagen, Denmark. This is a very good conference with all the project leaders of Groovy and Groovy-related projects. In November 2010 he presented a Gradle talk at the J-Fall conference of the Dutch Java User Group. In November 2011 he presented about the new features in Groovy 1.8 at the same conference. The conference is visited by 1000 Java developers and he got the chance to educate some of them about the greatness of Gradle and Groovy. Hubert works for a company called JDriven in the Netherlands. JDriven focuses on technologies that simplify and improve development of enterprise applications. Employees of JDriven have years of experience with Java and related technologies and are all eager to learn about new technologies. Hubert works on projects using Grails and Java combined with Groovy and Gradle.
Read more about Hubert Klein Ikkink

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Type	Description
Maven JCenter repository	This is a preconfigured repository for Bintray JCenter
Maven central repository	This is a preconfigured repository...