A binary search tree (BST) is a sorted binary tree, where we can easily search for any key using the binary search algorithm. To sort the BST, it has to have the following properties:
- The node's left subtree contains only a key that's smaller than the node's key
- The node's right subtree contains only a key that's greater than the node's key
- You cannot duplicate the node's key value
By having the preceding properties, we can easily search for a key value as well as find the maximum or minimum key value. Suppose we have the following BST:
As we can see in the preceding tree diagram, it has been sorted since all of the keys in the root's left subtree are smaller than the root's key, and all of the keys in the root's right subtree are greater than the root's key. The preceding BST is a balanced BST since it has a balanced left and right subtree. We also can define the preceding BST as a balanced BST since both the left and right subtrees have an equal height (we...
