Quantum computing

Quantum computing provides a drastic improvement in computing power compared to the current generation of hardware. Quantum computing technology operates by encoding the data in the form of qubits (quantum bits) and can store non-binary data (states other than 0s and 1s). Traditional computing infrastructure could store and process binary data only. Information stored in qubits allows quantum computers to solve extremely complex mathematical/statistical problems in a very short time. For example, in 2019, Google announced that its quantum computer was able to solve a complex problem in 200 seconds, which would have taken a traditional computer infrastructure about 10,000 years to solve.

We represent it using the following figure:

Figure 12.22 – Quantum computing

Like any other technology, quantum computing can be exploited for malicious intents and the one possible threat is that it can be used to break currently used passwords and...