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You're reading from  Microsoft Exam MD-100 Windows 10 Certification Guide

Product typeBook
Published inMay 2020
PublisherPackt
ISBN-139781838822187
Edition1st Edition
Tools
Windows OS
Concepts
Desktop Applications
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Author (1)
Jeroen Burgerhout
Jeroen Burgerhout
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Jeroen Burgerhout

Jeroen Burgerhout is a Microsoft Cloud Consultant at SKS Professionals with great technical experience in Microsoft products. He is specialized in Azure, Hyper-V, Intune, Office 365, EMS, Windows 10, and Windows Server. He is currently working for the government in the Netherlands, working on the migration to Microsoft 365 with Microsoft Endpoint Manager, Azure Active Directory, and security features such as Azure AD PIM, Azure AD MFA, and Azure AD Conditional Access. Later this year, he will start with the new Modern Workplace concept, which is entitled to Windows 10, Windows Autopilot, Microsoft Endpoint Management, Office 365, and Azure AD. His Twitter account is @BurgerhoutJ.
Read more about Jeroen Burgerhout

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Chapter 10: Understanding Troubleshooting and Recovery

Your organization most likely has a file recovery strategy in place to recover user data stored on network file servers or storage devices that are accessible through the network. It's important to remember, however, that users often save their work to local computers. Therefore, you must provide a local file recovery method, so that you can recover these data files if users accidentally delete them or they get corrupted.

The following topics will be covered in this chapter:

  • Performing file recovery
  • Recovering Windows 10
  • Troubleshooting the startup/boot process
  • Troubleshooting applications

This chapter will provide you with the skills to troubleshoot applications, troubleshoot the startup/boot process, and perform file recovery and recover Windows 10. This chapter will help you to prepare for the MD-100 (Windows 10) exam, which is part of the Microsoft 365 Certified: Modern Desktop Administrator...

Technical requirements

In this chapter, you will see PowerShell code. The code is available on the following GitHub page: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Microsoft-Exam-MD-100-Windows-10-Certification-Guide/tree/master/Chapter10

Throughout this chapter, you need to follow some steps to configure settings. These steps are also recorded. You can find the videos here: https://bit.ly/2LsQDqD

Performing file recovery

A computer contains various types of data that it stores at different locations. Types of computer data include configuration files for the Operating System (OS), user-related settings for the device, and user data. The latter might consist of documents, photographs, spreadsheets, and other file types. Computers are highly reliable, and most operating systems are stable and recoverable, but there are issues that can sometimes result in data loss.

To avoid data loss, we strongly recommend that user data is maintained on file servers or cloud-based solutions, where it is readily accessible and securely backed up. Windows tools, such as Folder Redirection or OneDrive, include transparent and secure offline access to reliable storage for users.

A system malfunction could be as easy as resetting the Personal Computer (PC) or providing a new PC in familiar situations and workloads, allowing the user to continue working on login. Enabling these solutions will...

Recovering Windows 10

Windows 10 is a reliable OS. Occasionally, however, you will encounter problems with devices from your users that require you to perform some recovery of the OS. The nature of the problem will decide the particular course of action, and as a result, Microsoft has provided several recovery options in Windows 10.

Some of these are relatively benign and allow you to investigate and resolve the underlying problem with little effect on the OS. Others are more intrusive and can result in the OS being rolled back to an earlier point in time or even to its initial state. These recovery tools are listed as follows:

  • Recovery Drive
  • System Restore
  • Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE)
  • Reset this PC
  • Fresh start

Let's see what each of these tools do in Windows 10.

Configuring a Recovery Drive

Many Windows 10 PCs will have a recovery partition containing a full system image. If your computer isn't starting correctly, you can...

Troubleshooting the startup/boot process

Windows 10 has a competent and reliable architecture for the startup. You rarely need to get involved in solving startup problems. When one arises, however, it can be difficult to solve unless you understand the underlying mechanism.

Windows includes boot loader components designed for quick and secure loading of Windows. These three components are given as follows:

  • Windows Boot Manager (Bootmgr.exe): Windows Boot Manager (BOOTMGR) first loads as the computer starts and then reads the Boot Configuration Data (BCD). BCD is a startup configuration information database that is stored in a registry-like format on the hard disk.
  • Windows OS Loader (Winload.exe): Winload.exe is the boot loader for the OS invoked by Windows Boot Manager. Winload.exe loads the device drivers for the OS kernel, namely, Windows NT operating system kernel (ntoskrnl.exe) and BOOT_START, which, together with BOOTMGR, make it functionally identical to NTLDR...

Troubleshooting applications

This section is about troubleshooting applications. That's something different than troubleshooting the Windows 10 OS. Most large organizations manage application installations from a central location.

Desktop support staff, however, are involved in deploying applications during initial development and when troubleshooting failed installations. Therefore, you need to learn how to determine why the installation of a desktop app fails and how to solve those problems that might prevent the installation.

Troubleshooting Windows Installer issues

Windows 10 runs updates using Windows Installer. Both versions of Windows 7 and older versions of the Windows OS include Windows Installer 5.0.

If the program you want to install is packaged as a .msi file and is accessible from the destination computer, you can either double-click the .msi file or run msiexec.exe from elevated Command Prompt to install a desktop app. To install an application from a...

Summary

This chapter was all about recovery and troubleshooting from files to Windows 10 to applications. You learned how to enable and configure File History and make use of the Previous Versions tab to go back to a previous version of a document or other types of files. Furthermore, you can decide which type of file recovery you can use in your organization and how you can troubleshoot issues with file recovery.

Another crucial thing you have learned is how you can recover Windows 10 through different mechanisms, such as Fresh Start and using a recovery drive.

Sometimes it can happen that Windows 10 won't boot at all, due to a corrupt boot loader or a similar issue. So you learned the process of booting Windows 10 and how you can troubleshoot this as well.

The last part of this chapter was about troubleshooting applications, such as UWP apps and desktop applications, through deployment and operational issues.

In the next chapter, you are going to learn to manage...

Questions

  1. Is Microsoft Azure Backup a built-in tool in Windows 10?
  2. Does File History, by default, back up Windows libraries?
  3. Can the recovery drive have a size of 4 GB?
  4. When you go back to an earlier created restore point, will your personal data be affected then?
  5. Can you enter the Windows Recovery Environment with the F8 key?
  6. Can you use the ACT tool to test your legacy software on Windows 10?
  7. Is the IISReset.exe command the correct one to clear the Windows Store cache?

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Author (1)

author image
Jeroen Burgerhout

Jeroen Burgerhout is a Microsoft Cloud Consultant at SKS Professionals with great technical experience in Microsoft products. He is specialized in Azure, Hyper-V, Intune, Office 365, EMS, Windows 10, and Windows Server. He is currently working for the government in the Netherlands, working on the migration to Microsoft 365 with Microsoft Endpoint Manager, Azure Active Directory, and security features such as Azure AD PIM, Azure AD MFA, and Azure AD Conditional Access. Later this year, he will start with the new Modern Workplace concept, which is entitled to Windows 10, Windows Autopilot, Microsoft Endpoint Management, Office 365, and Azure AD. His Twitter account is @BurgerhoutJ.
Read more about Jeroen Burgerhout

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