The terminal
In movies, you might have seen scenes where hackers are doing their magic work, breaking into some sort of system. The application that they typically use when doing this is the terminal.

We might be less cool than those villains or superheroes in the movies, but we will use the terminal as well. When writing and running code, you’ll be using a terminal every now and then, or in some cases quite often.
At this point, you might not know what a terminal even is. In the next image, you can see a picture of a terminal.

A terminal is a different way of controlling your computer. As a user, you are used to giving your computer instructions with the mouse and the keyboard. For example, if you want to open your mailbox, you can click on the application icon. This mouse click is an instruction your computer understands, and it will proceed to open the mailbox.
By typing text in the terminal, you can also give your computer instructions. As a bonus...