Summary

In this chapter, we covered the observer design pattern, including many examples, such as Kivy, the framework for developing innovative user interfaces, along with its Properties concept and module, and the Python bindings of RabbitMQ (we referred to a specific example of RabbitMQ that's used to implement the publish-subscribe, or the observer, pattern).

We also learned how to use the observer pattern to create data formatters that can be attached and detached at runtime to enrich the behavior of an object. Hopefully, you will find the recommended exercises interesting.

This also marks the end of this book. Congratulations on making it to the end, and I hope that the material that's been covered has been helpful for you in taking your Python skills to the next level!