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Visualforce Development Cookbook
Visualforce Development Cookbook

Visualforce Development Cookbook: For developers who already know the basics of Visualforce, this book enables you to advance to the next level. With over 75 real-world examples accompanied by stacks of illustrations, it clarifies even the most complex concepts.

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Visualforce Development Cookbook

Chapter 2. Custom Components

In this chapter, we will cover the following recipes:

  • Passing attributes to components

  • Updating attributes in component controllers

  • Passing action methods to components

  • Data-driven decimal places

  • The custom iterator component

  • Setting a value into a controller property

  • Multiselecting related objects

  • Notifying the containing page controller

Introduction


Custom components allow custom Visualforce functionality to be encapsulated as discrete modules, which provides two main benefits:

  • Functional decomposition, where a lengthy page is broken down into custom components to make it easier to develop and maintain

  • Code re-use, where a custom component provides common functionality that can be re-used across a number of pages

A custom component may have a controller, but unlike Visualforce pages, only custom controllers may be used. A custom component can also take attributes, which can influence the generated markup or set property values in the component's controller.

Custom components do not have any associated security settings; a user with access to a Visualforce page has access to all custom components referenced by the page.

Passing attributes to components


Visualforce pages can pass parameters to components via attributes. A component declares the attributes that it is able to accept, including information about the type and whether the attribute is mandatory or optional. Attributes can be used directly in the component or assigned to properties in the component's controller.

In this recipe we will create a Visualforce page that provides contact edit capability. The page utilizes a custom component that allows the name fields of the contact, Salutation, First Name, and Last Name, to be edited in a three-column page block section. The contact record is passed from the page to the component as an attribute, allowing the component to be re-used in any page that allows editing of contacts.

How to do it…

This recipe does not require any Apex controllers, so we can start with the custom component.

  1. Navigate to the Visualforce Components setup page by clicking on Your Name | Setup | Develop | Components.

  2. Click on the New...

Updating attributes in component controllers


Updating fields of sObjects passed as attributes to custom components is straightforward, and can be achieved through simple merge syntax statements. This is not so simple when the attribute is a primitive and will be updated by the component controller, as parameters are passed by value, and thus, any changes are made to a copy of the primitive. For example, passing the name field of a contact sObject, rather than the contact sObject itself, would mean that any changes made in the component would not be visible to the containing page.

In this situation, the primitive must be encapsulated inside a containing class. The class instance attribute is still passed by value, so it cannot be updated to point to a different instance, but the properties of the instance can be updated.

In this recipe, we will create a containing class that encapsulates a Date primitive and a Visualforce component that allows the user to enter the date via day/month/year picklists...

Passing action methods to components


A controller action method is usually invoked from the Visualforce page that it is providing the logic for. However, there are times when it is useful to be able to execute a page controller action method directly from a custom component contained within the page. One example is for styling reasons, in order to locate the command button that executes the action method inside the markup generated by the component.

In this recipe we will create a custom component that provides contact edit functionality, including command buttons to save or cancel the edit, and a Visualforce page to contain the component and supply the action methods that are executed when the buttons are clicked.

How to do it…

This recipe does not require any Apex controllers, so we can start with the custom component.

  1. Navigate to the Visualforce Components setup page by clicking on Your Name | Setup | Develop | Components.

  2. Click on the New button.

  3. Enter ContactEdit in the Label field.

  4. Accept...

Data-driven decimal places


Attributes passed to custom components from Visualforce pages can be used wherever the merge syntax is legal. The <apex:outputText /> standard component can be used to format numeric and date values, but the formatting is limited to literal values rather than merge fields. In this scenario, an attribute indicating the number of decimal places to display for a numeric value cannot be used directly in the <apex:outputText /> component.

In this recipe we will create a custom component that accepts attributes for a numeric value and the number of decimal places to display for the value. The decimal places attribute determines which optional component is rendered to ensure that the correct number of decimal places is displayed, and the component will also bracket negative values. A Visualforce page will also be created to demonstrate how the component can be used.

How to do it…

This recipe does not require any Apex controllers, so we can start with the custom...

The custom iterator component


The Visualforce standard component <apex:repeat /> iterates a collection of data and outputs the contained markup once for each element in the collection. In the scenario where this is being used to display a table of data, the markup for the table headings appears before the <apex:repeat /> component and is rendered regardless of whether the collection contains any records or not.

Custom iterator components may contain additional markup to be rendered outside the collection, for example, the headings markup in the scenario mentioned earlier. This allows the component to avoid rendering any markup if the collection is empty through the logic implemented in a custom controller.

In this recipe, we will create a custom component that takes a collection of data and renders a containing page block and a page block section for each element in the collection. If the collection is empty, no markup will be rendered. We will also create a containing page that...

Setting a value into a controller property


Visualforce controllers are often re-used across pages with minor variations in behavior specific to the page, for example, displaying accounts of a particular type. While the controller can detect the page that it is being used by and alter its behavior accordingly, this is not a particularly maintainable solution, as use of the controller in any new page would require changes to the Apex code and renaming a page would break the functionality.

A better mechanism is for the page to set the values of properties in the controller to indicate the desired behavior. In this recipe we will create a custom component that takes two attributes: a value and the controller property to set the value into. Two Visualforce pages with a common controller will also be created to demonstrate how the component can be used to change the behavior of the controller to suit the page.

Getting ready

This recipe does not require any Apex controllers, so we can start with the...

Multiselecting related objects


One task that users often find unwieldy when implementing Salesforce is setting up the sObjects to represent many-to-many relationships. A junction object allows a single instance of one sObject type to be related to multiple instances of another sObject type and vice versa.

This requires the user to create a new instance of the junction object and populate master-detail fields to associate two sObjects with each other, resulting in a large number of clicks and page transitions.

In this recipe, we will create a custom object – account group – that acts as a container for multiple accounts. We will then create a page that allows a number of accounts to be associated with a single custom sObject. We will use junction objects for the relationship to allow a single account to be related to multiple account groups, and a single account group to be associated with multiple accounts. A custom Visualforce component will manage the action of presenting the available accounts...

Notifying the containing page controller


In the earlier recipes, we have seen how components can accept an attribute that is a property from the containing page controller and update the value of the property in response to a user action. If the containing page controller needs to determine if the property has changed, it must capture the previous value of the property and compare that with the current value. The same applies if the attribute passed to the component is a field from an sObject managed by the parent page controller.

In this recipe we will create a custom component that can notify its containing page controller when an attribute value is changed. In order to avoid tying the component to a particular page controller class, we will create an interface that defines the method to be used to notify the page controller. This will allow the component controller to notify any page controller that implements the interface.

Note

Interfaces define a "contract" between the calling code and...

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Key benefits

  • Provide an enhanced user experience with dynamically generated, reactive pages
  • Access data over additional channels via public web sites and mobile pages
  • Packed with easy to follow recipes, including step-by-step instructions and Apex/Visualforce code downloads

Description

Visualforce, in conjunction with Apex, makes it easy to develop sophisticated, custom UIs for Force.com desktop and mobile apps without having to write thousands of lines of code and markup. The "Dynamic Binding" feature of Visualforce lets you develop generic Visualforce pages to display information related to the records without necessarily knowing which data fields to show. This is accomplished through a formula-like syntax, which makes it simple to manage even a complex hierarchy of records. "Visualforce Development Cookbook" provides solutions for a variety of challenges faced by Salesforce developers and demonstrates how easy it is to build rich, interactive pages using Visualforce. Whether you are looking to make a minor addition to the standard page functionality or override it completely, this book will provide you with the required help throughout. "Visualforce Development Cookbook" starts with explaining the simple utilities and builds up to advanced techniques for data visualization and reuse of functionality. This book contains recipes that cover various topics like creating multiple records from a single page, visualizing data as charts, using JavaScript to enhance client-side functionality, building a public website and making data available to a mobile device. "Visualforce Development Cookbook" provides lots of practical examples to enhance and extend the Salesforce user interface.

Who is this book for?

"Visualforce Development Cookbook" is aimed at developers who have already grasped the basics of Visualforce. Awareness of the standard component library and the purpose of controllers is expected.

What you will learn

  • Write effective controller tests
  • Maintain multiple records from a single page
  • Produce re-usable components for utility functions
  • Create custom charts to visualize single or multiple sets of data
  • Redraw part of a page in response to user input
  • Replace standard components with custom, brandable versions
  • Provide access to data via a public website
  • Allow users to create and retrieve data from a mobile device
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Publication date : Sep 24, 2013
Length: 334 pages
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Language : English
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Table of Contents

9 Chapters
General Utilities Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Custom Components Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Capturing Data Using Forms Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Managing Records Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Managing Multiple Records Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Visualforce Charts Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
JavaScript Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Force.com Sites Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
jQuery Mobile Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.4
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Sara Morgan Nettles Nov 18, 2013
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
The code recipes are great and could really go far in demonstrating the potential of the platform. It is obvious that the author has implemented many, if not all of these recipes in real-world scenarios. However, I think this may be a dangerous book for developers new to the Force.com platform. In fact, I would not recommend it to anyone who has not worked with the platform for at least one year.The sample code that was provided was easy to download and well organized. It was also formatted properly so that you could cut and paste it straight into your development org. Very little sample code is included in the actual book, which I think helps to ensure that the book stays up to date. As long as the publisher and author continue to update the sample code with each new Salesforce release, the code should stay viable as the platform inevitably changes.I REALLY liked the chapters on JavaScript and jQuery Mobile and cannot wait to try out some of the recipes included for my clients. In short, this is an invaluable resource for seasoned Force.com developers, but should be approached with caution for newbies.
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harish May 11, 2015
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I book that guides to grow as an advanced Visual Force developer.
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Sarabdeep Oct 24, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
A must have for an intermediate to advanced Visualforce developer. I have come across the use cases in my earlier projects and would have really loved to have this book earlier.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
talkinghead Jan 14, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
As a long time SF consultant and developer, I found this book full of VERY useful code snippets. However, the companies website for downloading the code samples is terrible. If they would solve this problem, I'd give the book 5 stars. I'm only giving it 4 stars since without the full code samples you'll have to guess at a lot.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Mona Jan 06, 2014
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If you are a developer who wants to know the nuts and bolts of Visualforce Pages then DONT refer to this book immediately. Visualforce developer guide will be a better book for you. However, if you do have some programming experience in VisualForce, then this book does its job extremely well. Its a book which is like a pocket dictionary to have for seasoned Visualforce Developers.The sample code that was provided was easy to download and well organized.Chapters 6,7,8 and 9 are simply great. Even though I have worked a lot on Visualforce page there are certain areas on Visualforce Charts and Javascript which were new to me as well. So as a cookbook this book does the job very well.
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