Pattern matching

Functional pattern matching in C# is a technique that’s used to match the structure of data against a series of patterns and execute specific code blocks based on the matched pattern. It allows developers to express complex conditional logic in a more concise and declarative way, making code more readable and maintainable.

In C#, functional pattern matching can be achieved using the switch statement with the case pattern matching feature that was introduced in C# 7.0. With this feature, you can pattern match on various types, constant values, or even custom patterns using the when keyword.

Here’s an example of functional pattern matching in C#:

public class Shape{
}
public class Circle : Shape
{
    public double Radius { get; set; }
}
public class Rectangle : Shape
{
    public double Width { get; set; }
    public double Height { get; set; }
}
public class Triangle : Shape
{
 ...