After a review of Linux hashes, we'll show you your challenge.
Linux hashes are salted and stretched, and there are various versions of them. We are covering the current version, which is version 6, that is, the most secure form:
The hash is a long string starting with the dollar sign; the 6 indicates the version, then you have a dollar sign followed by salt, and another dollar sign followed by the hash. To calculate them in Python, you need to import a special SHA-512 crypt library, as you use the format shown earlier.
Here's your third challenge: a 3-digit password in this format. The salt value is penguins and the hash is this long mess starting with a P instance.
