Text Vectorization Techniques
Text vectorization techniques transform raw text into numerical representations, enabling ML algorithms to effectively analyze textual data. Techniques such as Bag of Words (BoW), TF-IDF, and word embeddings offer different approaches for capturing textual features and semantic meaning. Keep in mind, however, that even before text vectorization begins, a computer still must have a way to represent a letter in the first place. This is typically done using ASCII or Unicode encodings as an initial way to represent and store text in computer memory. This recipe will provide examples of different methodologies for text vectorization.
Getting ready
We'll load necessary libraries and prepare textual data for vectorization. This time we will use the reuters
corpus from NLTK. It contains 10,788 news documents and approximately 1.3 million words with over 90 possible topics for classification. We will just classify based on the first category for simplicity.