Homogeneous Data Structures

Homogeneous data structures contain similar types of data, such as integers or double values. Homogeneous data structures are used in matrices, as well as tensor and vector mathematics. Tensors are mathematical structures for scalars and vectors. A first-rank tensor is a vector. A vector consists of a row or a column. A tensor with zero rank is a scalar. A matrix is a two-dimensional cluster of numbers. They are all used in scientific analysis.

Tensors are used in material science. They are used in mathematics, physics, mechanics, electrodynamics, and general relativity. Machine learning solutions utilize a tensor data structure. A tensor has properties such as position, shape, and a static size.

This chapter covers the following homogeneous data structures:

Two-dimensional arrays
Multi-dimensional arrays

The following scenarios are shown to demonstrate...

Technical requirements

Install Go Version 1.10 from https://golang.org/doc/install for your OS.

The GitHub URL for the code in this chapter is as follows: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Learn-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms-with-Golang/tree/master/Chapter05 .

Two-dimensional arrays

Two-dimensional arrays were presented briefly in Chapter 2, Getting Started with Go for Data Structures and Algorithms. To recap, for dynamic allocation, we use slice of slices, which is a two-dimensional array. A two-dimensional array, is a list of single-dimensional arrays. Every element in a two-dimensional array arr, is identified as arr[i][j], where arr is the name of the array and i and j represent rows and columns, and their values ranging from 0 to m and 0 to n, respectively. Traversing a two-dimensional array is of O(m*n) complexity.

The following code shows how to initialize an array:

var arr = [4][5] int{
    {4,5,7,8,9},
    {1,2,4,5,6},
    {9,10,11,12,14},
    {3,5,6,8,9}
}

An element in a two-dimensional array is accessed with a row index and column index. In the following example, the array's value in row 2 and column 3 is retrieved as an...

Multi-dimensional arrays

An array is a homogeneous collection of data elements. An array's indexes range from index 0 to index m-1, where m is the fixed length of the array. An array with multiple dimensions is an array of an array. The following code initializes a multi-dimensional array. A three-dimensional array is printed:

///main package has examples shown
// in Go Data Structures and algorithms book
package main

// importing fmt package
import (
    "fmt"
    "math/rand"
)
//main method
func main() {

var threedarray [2][2][2]int

var i int

var j int

var k int


for i=0; i < 2; i++ {

   for j=0; j < 2; j++ {

     for k=0; k < 2; k++ {

         threedarray[i][j][k] = rand.Intn(3)
     }
   }
}

 fmt.Println(threedarray)
}

Run the following command to execute the preceding code snippet:

go run multidarray.go

The output is as follows:

The next section talks about tensor...

Summary

This chapter covered homogeneous data structures such as two-dimensional arrays and multi-dimensional arrays. Matrix operations such as sum, subtraction, multiplication, inverse, and determinant have been explained with code examples. Spiral matrices, zig-zag matrices, and Boolean matrices have been explained using two-dimensional arrays. Tensors and operations such as folding were also covered.

In the next chapter, heterogeneous data structures such as linked lists, ordered lists, and unordered lists will be covered.