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Practical C Programming
Practical C Programming

Practical C Programming: Solutions for modern C developers to create efficient and well-structured programs

By B. M. Harwani
$26.99 $17.99
Book Feb 2020 616 pages 1st Edition
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$15.99 Monthly

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Publication date : Feb 14, 2020
Length 616 pages
Edition : 1st Edition
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781838641108
Category :
Languages :
Table of content icon View table of contents Preview book icon Preview Book

Practical C Programming

Managing Strings

Strings are nothing but arrays that store characters. Since strings are character arrays, they utilize less memory and lead to efficient object code, making programs run faster. Just like numerical arrays, strings are zero-based, that is, the first character is stored at index location 0. In C, strings are terminated by a null character, \0.

The recipes in this chapter will enhance your understanding of strings and will acquaint you with string manipulation. Strings play a major role in almost all applications. You will learn how to search strings (which is a very common task), replace a string with another string, search for a string that contains a specific pattern, and more. 

In this chapter, you will learn how to create the following recipes using strings: 

  • Determining whether the string is a palindrome 
  • Finding the occurrence...

Determining whether the string is a palindrome 

A palindrome is a string that reads the same regardless of whether it is in a forward or backwards order. For example, the word radar is a palindrome because it reads the same way forwards and backwards.

How to do it…

  1. Define two 80-character strings called str and rev(assuming your string will not exceed 79 characters). Your string can be of any length, but remember that the last position in the string is fixed for the null character \0:
char str[80],rev[80];
  1. Enter characters that will be assigned to the str string:
printf("Enter a string: ");
scanf("%s",str);
  1. Compute the length of the string using the strlen...

Finding the occurrence of the first repetitive character in a string

In this recipe, you will learn how to create a program that displays the first character to be repeated in a string. For example, if you enter the string racecar, the program should give the output as The first repetitive character in the string racecar is c. The program should display No character is repeated in the string if a string with no repetitive characters is entered.

How to do it…

  1. Define two strings called str1 and str2. Your strings can be of any length, but the last position in the string is fixed for the null character \0:
char str1[80],str2[80];
  1. Enter characters to be assigned to str1. The characters...

Displaying the count of each character in a string

In this recipe, you will learn how to create a program that displays the count of each character in a string in a tabular form. 

How to do it…

  1. Create a string called str. The last element in the string will be a null character, \0
  2. Define another string called chr of matching length, to store the characters of str:
char str[80],chr[80];

  1. Prompt the user to enter a string. The entered string will be assigned to the str string:
printf("Enter a string: ");
scanf("%s",str);
  1. Compute the length of the string array, str, using strlen:
n=strlen(str);
  1. Define an integer array called count to...

Counting vowels and consonants in a sentence

In this recipe, you will learn how to count the number of vowels and consonants in an entered sentence. The vowels are a, e, i, o, and u, and the rest of the letters are consonants. We will use ASCII values to identify the letters and their casing:

Figure 2.11

The blank spaces, numbers, special characters, and symbols will simply be ignored. 

How to do it…

  1. Create a string array called str to input your sentence. As usual, the last character will be a null character:
char str[255];
  1. Define two variables, ctrV and ctrC:
int  ctrV,ctrC;
  1. Prompt the user to enter a sentence of your choice:
printf("Enter a sentence: &quot...

Converting the vowels in a sentence to uppercase

In this recipe, you will learn how to convert all of the lowercase vowels in a sentence to uppercase. The remaining characters in the sentence, including consonants, numbers, special symbols, and special characters, are simply ignored and will be left as they are.

Converting the casing of any letter is done by simply changing the ASCII value of that character, using the following formulas:

  • Subtract 32 from the ASCII value of a lowercase character to convert it to uppercase
  • Add 32 to the ASCII value of an uppercase character to convert it to lowercase

The following diagram shows the ASCII values of the uppercase and lowercase vowels:

Figure 2.12

The ASCII value of the uppercase letters is lower than that of lowercase letters, and the difference between the values is 32.

...
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Key benefits

  • Tackle various challenges in C programming by making the most of its latest features
  • Understand the workings of arrays, strings, functions, pointers, advanced data structures, and algorithms
  • Become well-versed with process synchronization during multitasking and server-client process communication

Description

Used in everything from microcontrollers to operating systems, C is a popular programming language among developers because of its flexibility and versatility. This book helps you get hands-on with various tasks, covering the fundamental as well as complex C programming concepts that are essential for making real-life applications. You’ll start with recipes for arrays, strings, user-defined functions, and pre-processing directives. Once you’re familiar with the basic features, you’ll gradually move on to learning pointers, file handling, concurrency, networking, and inter-process communication (IPC). The book then illustrates how to carry out searching and arrange data using different sorting techniques, before demonstrating the implementation of data structures such as stacks and queues. Later, you’ll learn interesting programming features such as using graphics for drawing and animation, and the application of general-purpose utilities. Finally, the book will take you through advanced concepts such as low-level programming, embedded software, IoT, and security in coding, as well as techniques for improving code performance. By the end of this book, you'll have a clear understanding of C programming, and have the skills you need to develop robust apps.

What you will learn

Discover how to use arrays, functions, and strings to make large applications Perform preprocessing and conditional compilation for efficient programming Understand how to use pointers and memory optimally Use general-purpose utilities and improve code performance Implement multitasking using threads and process synchronization Use low-level programming and the inline assembly language Understand how to use graphics for animation Get to grips with applying security while developing C programs

What do you get with eBook?

Product feature icon Instant access to your Digital eBook purchase
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
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Product Details


Publication date : Feb 14, 2020
Length 616 pages
Edition : 1st Edition
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781838641108
Category :
Languages :

Table of Contents

20 Chapters
Preface Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with Arrays Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Managing Strings Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Exploring Functions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Preprocessing and Compilation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Deep Dive into Pointers Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
File Handling Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Implementing Concurrency Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Networking and Inter-Process Communication Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Sorting and Searching Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with Graphs Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Advanced Data Structures and Algorithms Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Creativity with Graphics Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Using MySQL Database Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
General-Purpose Utilities Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Improving the Performance of Your Code Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Low-Level Programming Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Embedded Software and IoT Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Applying Security in Coding Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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