You're reading from Machine Learning for Algorithmic Trading - Second Edition

Product type Book

Published in Jul 2020

Publisher Packt

ISBN-13 9781839217715

Pages 822 pages

Edition 2nd Edition

Languages

Python

Concepts

Machine Learning

Author (1):

Stefan Jansen

Table of Contents (27) Chapters

Preface

1. Machine Learning for Trading – From Idea to Execution

2. Market and Fundamental Data – Sources and Techniques

3. Alternative Data for Finance – Categories and Use Cases

4. Financial Feature Engineering – How to Research Alpha Factors

5. Portfolio Optimization and Performance Evaluation

6. The Machine Learning Process

7. Linear Models – From Risk Factors to Return Forecasts

8. The ML4T Workflow – From Model to Strategy Backtesting

9. Time-Series Models for Volatility Forecasts and Statistical Arbitrage

10. Bayesian ML – Dynamic Sharpe Ratios and Pairs Trading

11. Random Forests – A Long-Short Strategy for Japanese Stocks

12. Boosting Your Trading Strategy

13. Data-Driven Risk Factors and Asset Allocation with Unsupervised Learning

14. Text Data for Trading – Sentiment Analysis

15. Topic Modeling – Summarizing Financial News

16. Word Embeddings for Earnings Calls and SEC Filings

17. Deep Learning for Trading

18. CNNs for Financial Time Series and Satellite Images

19. RNNs for Multivariate Time Series and Sentiment Analysis

20. Autoencoders for Conditional Risk Factors and Asset Pricing

21. Generative Adversarial Networks for Synthetic Time-Series Data

22. Deep Reinforcement Learning – Building a Trading Agent

23. Conclusions and Next Steps

24. References

25. Index

Appendix: Alpha Factor Library

How recurrent neural nets work

RNNs assume that the input data has been generated as a sequence such that previous data points impact the current observation and are relevant for predicting subsequent values. Thus, they allow more complex input-output relationships than FFNNs and CNNs, which are designed to map one input vector to one output vector using a given number of computational steps. RNNs, in contrast, can model data for tasks where the input, the output, or both, are best represented as a sequence of vectors. For a good overview, refer to Chapter 10 in Goodfellow, Bengio, and Courville (2016).

The diagram in Figure 19.1, inspired by Andrew Karpathy's 2015 blog post The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Recurrent Neural Networks (see GitHub for a link), illustrates mappings from input to output vectors using nonlinear transformations carried out by one or more neural network layers: