Each time IIS receives a request from a client, it logs that request to a log file. This is the default behavior. With PowerShell, it's simple to modify this behavior, such as turning off logging, changing the logging frequency, or changing the folder where IIS stores its log files.
Log files are therefore great places to look when troubleshooting or to analyze the website's traffic. The logs can also be used for things such as capacity planning and can analyze the behavior of the traffic. Finding out where traffic is coming from can be invaluable.
By default, IIS creates a separate log file every day. This has advantages, but on a busy web server with many sites, managing log files can become a challenge. A web server that has been up and running for a month could have 30 separate log files. Changing the location of log files as well as how often to create a new log file can be appropriate.
You should also be aware that IIS has no built-in mechanism.
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