Preface

This book explains fundamental concepts and useful skills for implementing DevOps principles with containers and Kubernetes. Our journey starts by introducing the core concepts of containers and Kubernetes, and we explore the various features provided by Kubernetes, such as persisting states and data for containers, different types of workloads, cluster network, and cluster management and extension. In order to supervise the cluster activity, we implement a monitoring and logging infrastructure in Kubernetes. For better availability and efficiency, we also learn how to autoscale containers and build a continuous delivery pipeline. Lastly, we learn how to operate the hosted Kubernetes platforms from the top three major public cloud providers.

Who this book is for

This book is intended for DevOps professionals with some software development experience who want to scale, automate, and shorten software delivery time to market.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Introduction to DevOps, walks you through the evolution from the past to what we call DevOps today, and the tools that you should know in this field. Demand for people with DevOps skills has been growing rapidly over the last few years. DevOps practices have accelerated software development and delivery speed, as well as helping business agility.

Chapter 2, DevOps with Containers, helps you learn the fundamentals of working with containers. With the increasing trend toward microservices, containers are a handy and essential tool for every DevOps practitioner because of the agility they bring to managing heterogeneous services in an uniform way.

Chapter 3, Getting Started with Kubernetes, explores the key components and API objects in Kubernetes, and how to deploy and manage containers in a Kubernetes cluster.

Chapter 4, Managing Stateful Workloads, describes pod controllers for different workloads, along with the volume management feature for maintaining the state of an application.

Chapter 5, Cluster Administration and Extension, navigates you through the access control features of Kubernetes, and looks at the built-in admission controllers that provide finer granularity of control over your cluster. Furthermore, we'll also learn how to build our own custom resource to extend the cluster with customized features.

Chapter 6, Kubernetes Network, explains how default networking and routing rules work in Kubernetes. We'll also learn how to expose HTTP and HTTPS routes for external access. At the end of this chapter, the network policy and service mesh features are also introduced for better resiliency.

Chapter 7, Monitoring and Logging, shows you how to monitor a resource's usage at the application, container, and node levels using Prometheus. This chapter also shows how to collect logs from your applications, the service mesh, and Kubernetes with Elasticsearch, Fluent-bit/Fluentd, and the Kibana stack. Ensuring the service is up and healthy is one of the major responsibilities of DevOps.

Chapter 8, Resource Management and Scaling, describes how to leverage the core of Kubernetes, the scheduler, to scale the application dynamically, thereby efficiently utilizing the resources of our cluster.

Chapter 9, Continuous Delivery, explains how to build a continuous delivery pipeline with GitHub/DockerHub/TravisCI. It also explains how to manage updates, eliminate the potential impact when doing rolling updates, and prevent possible failure. Continuous delivery is an approach to speed up your time-to-market.

Chapter 10, Kubernetes on AWS, walks you through AWS components and explains how to provision a cluster with the AWS-hosted Kubernetes service—EKS. EKS provides lots of integration with existing AWS services. We'll learn how to utilize those features in this chapter.

Chapter 11, Kubernetes on GCP, helps you learn the concept of GCP and how to run your applications in GCP's Kubernetes service offering—Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). GKE has the most native support for Kubernetes. We'll learn how to administer GKE in this chapter.

Chapter 12, Kubernetes on Azure, describes basic Azure components, such as Azure virtual network, Azure virtual machines, disk storage options, and much more. We'll also learn how to provision and run a Kubernetes cluster with Azure Kubernetes Service.

To get the most out of this book

This book will guide you through the methodology of software development and delivery with Docker containers and Kubernetes using macOS and public cloud services (AWS, GCP, and Azure). You will need to install minikube, AWS CLI, Cloud SDK, and the Azure CLI to run the code samples in this book.

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Conventions used

There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.

CodeInText: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: "In light of this, cgroups is utilized here to limit resource usage."

A block of code is set as follows:

ENV key value
 ENV key1=value1 key2=value2 ...

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

metadata:
  name: nginx-external
  annotations:
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/aws-load-balancer-type: "nlb"

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

$ docker run -p 80:5000 busybox /bin/sh -c \
  "while :; do echo -e 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\ngood day'|nc -lp 5000; done"
$ curl localhost
good day

Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see onscreen. For example, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in the text like this. Here is an example: "After clicking Create, the console will bring us to the following view for us to explore."

Warnings or important notes appear like this.

Tips and tricks appear like this.

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