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Home > IoT & Hardware > Learning C for Arduino
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Learning C for Arduino
Learning C for Arduino

Learning C for Arduino: A comprehensive guide that will help you ace C's fundamentals using the powerful Arduino board

By Syed Omar Faruk Towaha
€28.99 €8.99
Book Mar 2017 378 pages 1st Edition
eBook
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Print
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eBook
€28.99 €8.99
Print
€37.99
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€14.99 Monthly

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Product Details

Publication date : Mar 24, 2017
Length 378 pages
Edition : 1st Edition
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781787120099
Category :
IoT & Hardware
Languages :
C (Beginner)
Concepts :
Single Board Computers
Tools :
Embedded Systems (Beginner) , Arduino (Beginner)
Table of content icon View table of contents Preview book icon Preview Book

Learning C for Arduino

Chapter 1. Getting Started

Since you have picked this book, this means you want to learn both about programming and electronics, especially microcontrollers. The book is designed to enable you to learn C programming easily and implement the language with an Arduino. I would suggest you do every code of the book by yourself and run them on the Arduino IDE. Microcontroller programming was hard before, but since the innovation of Arduino and the use of C programming on the Arduino board, microcontroller programming has become easy and fun.

Before going any further, let's understand the programming language C better. You may wonder why C programming is called C.

Well, before the creation of C, there was its predecessor programming language, called B. So, you should be able to guess from this where the name came from. The B language was developed by Ken Thompson at Bell Labs. At the same lab, the C language was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie. The main purpose of creating this language was to design a UNIX operating system. Ken Thomson and Dennis Ritchie were the main developers of the UNIX operating system, so Dennis developed C to design UNIX.

C is not just a powerful language but a flexible one too. It is a portable language, because we can write a C program on one computer and compile to another with almost no modification.

To compile the source code of C, we need to have an IDE installed to our computers. Throughout this book we will learn C programming using the Arduino IDE. We will also be introduced to the Arduino IDE, its installation process, and how we can run our very first C program using an Arduino and the Arduino IDE.

Note

IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment. IDEs are used for software development. An IDE usually consists of an editor (where we can type code and comments), and a few tools along with a debugger (which is used to test the code to see if it has any errors). Most IDEs have a built in compiler (which converts source code/programming language into machine language).

Let's get introduced to an Arduino now.

Arduino

Arduino is a microcontroller board. People also call it a prototype board. In a nutshell, an Arduino board is a small computer with a processor, RAM, ROM etc. Arduino is open source hardware - you might have heard of open source software. Open source software is computer software distributed with a license that gives the users the right to see its source code. A Free Open Source Software license provides the rights to study, change and distribute the software to anyone for any kind of purpose. Open source software is usually developed by a group of open source enthusiasts who develop and gradually fix bugs of the software.

Since Arduino is open source hardware, we can build our own Arduino and also develop it for the purpose of our goals. We can change it to whatever we want.

Types of Arduino

Since Arduino is open source hardware, people around the world modify the board according to their needs. There are a few companies that produce different versions and types of Arduino. Let's get introduced to a few famous types of Arduinos.

Arduino Uno

Arduino Uno is the most-used Arduino board. It is based on the ATmega328 microcontroller. It has 14 digital pins and six analog inputs. We will know more about analog and digital pins in the next chapters.

The ATmega328 has 32Kbytes flash memory, 32 pins, 20MHz maximum operating frequency and 8-bit AVR CPU. The following image is an Arduino Uno board and an ATmega328 microcontroller with its pin out:

Arduino Mega

Arduino Mega is a microcontroller board that is famous for providing more pins. It uses ATmega2560, and has 54 digital pins and 16 analog inputs.

The ATmega2560 has 256Kbytes of flash memory, 100 pins, 16MHz operating frequency and 8-bit AVR CPU. The following image is an Arduino Mega and an ATmega2560 microcontroller with its pin out:

Arduino Nano

Arduino Nano is usually chosen for prototypes with a small form factor. It is based on the ATmega328 microcontroller, which is same as the Arduino Uno. It has 14 digital pins and eight analog inputs. The following image is an Arduino Nano:

Arduino Leonardo

Arduino Leonardo is similar to Arduino Uno. The main difference is that it has a soldered microcontroller instead of a removable one, and the model of the microcontroller is ATmega32U4. It has 20 digital pins and 12 analog inputs. The following image is an Arduino Leonardo with the ATmega32U4 microcontroller's pin out:

Arduino Mini

Arduino Mini is a small prototyping device that is based on the ATmega168. It does not come with a USB port. Arduino Mini has 14 digital pins and eight analog inputs. The ATmega168 has 16Kbytes of flash memory, 20MHz maximum operating frequency and an 8-bit AVR CPU. The following image is an Arduino Mini and an ATmega168 microcontroller with its pin out. The following image is image of an Arduino menu with the ATmega168's pin out:

Arduino Micro

Arduino Micro is based on the ATmega32u4 microcontroller. It uses the same microcontroller as the Arduino Leonardo. There are fewer digital and analog pins than in the Arduino Leonardo - the Micro has 20 digital pins. It comes with a micro USB port and ICSP pins. The following image is an Arduino Micro:

Throughout this book, we will use the most famous board, Arduino Uno. Arduino Uno has a replaceable microcontroller, ATmega 328. Before connecting an Arduino to our PC, let's get to know our Arduino better.

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Page 1 of 6

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Key benefits

  • Get hands-on experience with the Ardruino board and learn to control it with your programming skills
  • Learn the essential concepts of C such as variables, data structures, functions, loops, and pointers
  • Work with electronic devices such as LEDs, switches, and motors and connect them to Arduino using C

Description

This book will start with the fundamentals of C programming and programming topics, such data types, functions, decision making, program loops, pointers, and structures, with the help of an Arduino board. Then you will get acquainted with Arduino interactions with sensors, LEDs, and autonomous systems and setting up the Arduino environment. Moving on you will also learn how to work on the digital and analog I/O, establish serial communications with autonomous systems, and integrate with electronic devices. By the end of the book, you will be able to make basic projects such as LED cube and smart weather system that leverages C.

What you will learn

Play with mathematical operations using C Use logical operations and loops to play with LEDs and the Arduino board Create custom functions using C and connect an SD card to the Arduino Use Object-oriented Programming to connect a GSM module to the Arduino board Play with an LCD board and Servo using standard Arduino libraries Build projects using Arduino such as a LED cube, a smart weather system, and home security Identify and fix common errors on an Arduino board

What do you get with eBook?

Product feature icon Instant access to your Digital eBook purchase
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
Buy Now

Product Details

Publication date : Mar 24, 2017
Length 378 pages
Edition : 1st Edition
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781787120099
Category :
IoT & Hardware
Languages :
C (Beginner)
Concepts :
Single Board Computers
Tools :
Embedded Systems (Beginner) , Arduino (Beginner)

Table of Contents

17 Chapters
Learning C for Arduino Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Learning C for Arduino
Credits Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Credits
About the Author Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
About the Author
About the Reviewer Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
About the Reviewer
www.PacktPub.com Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
www.PacktPub.com
Customer Feedback Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Customer Feedback
Preface Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Preface
1. Getting Started Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Getting Started
Arduino
Exploring Arduino Uno
Downloading and installing Arduino IDE
Explore Arduino IDE
Summary
2. Our First Program! Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Our First Program!
Connecting your Arduino
Hello Arduino!
Things to remember
Summary
3. Exploring C with Arduino IDE Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Exploring C with Arduino IDE
Variables
Data types
Collecting and showing data through serial port
Strings and operations with strings
Summary
4. Blinking with Operations and Loops Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Blinking with Operations and Loops
Expression in C
Logical operators
Exercises
Loops
Exercise
Summary
5. Functions and Files with Arduino Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Functions and Files with Arduino
Functions
Data logging
Connecting an SD card to your Arduino
Writing on a file
Summary
6. Arduino and C++ Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Arduino and C++
Object Oriented Programming
Going deeper into class
Understanding OOP better
Fundamentals of OOP
GSM modules
Arduino library
Making a call using GSM module
Sending an SMS
Receiving an SMS
Summary
7. Using Pointers and Structure Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Using Pointers and Structure
Pointers
Pointers and arrays
Usages of pointers
Learning about structure
Structure and function
Nested structure
Exercise
Summary
8. Working with Arduino Libraries Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with Arduino Libraries
Arduino library
The Firmata library
The SoftwareSerial library
Uses of LiquidCrystal Library
Installing a library
Removing a library
Creating our own library
Summary
9. Lets Build Something Awesome Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Lets Build Something Awesome
LED cube
Smart weather system
Home security
Summary
10. Few Error Handlings Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Few Error Handlings
Few common errors
Auto-reset
Bootloader
java.lang.StackOverflowError
Arduino software freeze when I try to upload a program
Board doesn't turn on (the green power LED doesn't light up)
Get an error when launching arduino.exe on Windows
Could not find the main class
Cygwin conflicts on Windows
Tools | Serial Port menu is not visible
Sketch appear to upload successfully but not do anything
Undeclared functions or undeclared types error
Invalid device signature when trying to upload a sketch
'xxx' does not name a type error
Library is not Installed properly
Wrong folder location
Library dependencies
Wrong library name
Wrong folder name
Forgot to close the Arduino IDE
Check your hardware connections
Check the coding syntax error
Use serial monitor
Stay connected with the Arduino forum
Summary

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Authors (1)

Profile icon Syed Omar Faruk Towaha
LinkedIn Github
Syed Omar Faruk Towaha is a data scientist, and currently working at Meta. He has two bachelor's degrees, one in Physics, another in Computer Science and a Master's in Data Science. He is based in London, England, and has interests in data science and IoTs. While Syed is not busy with his jobs, he uses his time to write something about new technologies. His recent publications include Building Smart Drones With ESP8266 and Arduino, Introduction to Rust Programming, Learning C for Arduino, and JavaScript Projects for Kids.
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