Assessment

Chapter 1: Introduction to Industrial IoT

1. The Walmart mandate failed mainly due to the lack of maturity of the technologies.
2. The main enabling factors for the IoT are as follows:
   • New, mature sensors with more capabilities and a high performance at a low cost.
   • New networks and wireless connectivity (such as PAN and LAN) interconnecting the sensors and devices to optimize the bandwidth, power consumption, latency, and range.
   • New, powerful, and cheap processors and microprocessors coming from the mobile devices world.
   • Real-time operating systems, leading to a more sophisticated and powerful integrated development platform at the maker's disposal.
   • Virtualization technology, which divides naturally into the data center, big data, and the cloud.
   • The diffusion of mobile devices.
3. Big data, the cloud, and data analytics.
4. An object connected to the cloud, which gives it further...

Chapter 2: Understanding the Industrial Process and Devices

1. The actuator
2. A device is defined as an independent physical entity able to implement one or more functionalities
3. An event is an occurrence of a specific condition, such as the reaching of a definite temperature
4. A process characterized by processing cycles based on single parts or individual units of a product
5. There are six levels in the canonical CIM pyramid representation
6. SCADA applications are at the third level of the canonical CIM pyramid representation
7. Between 100 and 500 milliseconds
8. Through OPC, the PLC/DCS can expose tags, time-series, alarms, events and SOEs to any system implementing the OPC interfaces
9. Store and forward is a mechanism to guarantee data transfer along the communication channel in case of poor, intermittent, or overloaded connectivity

Chapter 3: Industrial Data Flow and Devices

1. The desired value for a specific process variable
2. The maximum error that the sensor can make in a measurement operation
3. 0.152 mV
4. Microcontroller
5. Functional Block Diagram, Sequential Functional Chart, and Ladder Diagram
6. When the production process is continuous and the product value is high
7. Polling happens on a regular basis, while unsolicited happens when changes are made
8. 1, 2, and 7
9. Between MES and PLC
10. The asset model is the conceptual model of the physical or logical assets that the company uses to perform its business

Chapter 4: Implementing the Industrial IoT Data Flow

1. OPC Classic uses COM/DCOM, while OPC UA is platform-independent
2. Remote Procedure Call
3. OPC abstracts the connected device, providing standard and common interfaces to query its data
4. If the security mode is Sign, the OpenSecureChannel is sent using the PrivateKey of the client Application Instance Certificate as a signature
5. A session is a logical connection between a client and a server
6. The I-IoT Edge has to manage more signals than the IoT Edge
7. The best choice depends on the specific plant environment and the requirements of the specific use case
8. The OPC Proxy can act as an OPC concentrator, gathering the data from several OPC Classic or UA servers and making it available through a unique endpoint without the need to cross DCOM traffic between network boundaries
9. Because we often have to deal with old devices, for which OPC...

Chapter 5: Applying Cybersecurity

1. People, technology, and operating methods
2. TCP session modelling

3. Being able to create and deploy the devices acting as dual-homes in a specific network
4. Building logical networks that share the same physical infrastructure
5. Allowing DCOM traffic to cross the firewall
6. Tunneling the DCOM traffic through TCP and putting the external OPC Proxy in a DMZ
7. Using the OPC-UA security model

Chapter 6: Performing an Exercise Based on Industrial Protocols and Standards

1. UA
2. Connect with SIGNANDENCRYPT authentication

Chapter 7: Developing Industrial IoT and Architecture

1. Microservices are small services that can be deployed separately
2. True
3. A repository that stores information about assets and measures

Chapter 8: Implementing a Custom Industrial IoT Platform

1. Performance and scalability
2. In hot-path analytics, data is processed before storage
3. It has a specific API to interpolate data and aggregate data

Chapter 9: Understanding Industrial OEM Platforms

1. Predix timeseries
2. Intel IoT

Chapter 10: Implementing a Cloud Industrial IoT Solution with AWS

1. Lambda functions
2. AWS IoT Core
3. IoT Analytics

Chapter 11: Implementing a Cloud Industrial IoT Solution with Google Cloud

1. GCP Functions
2. GCP IOT Core
3. GCP Dataflow

Chapter 12: Performing a Practical Industrial IoT Solution with Azure

1. Time Series Insights
2. Azure Data Lake
3. Azure Analytics Stream

Chapter 13: Understanding Diagnostics, Maintenance, and Predictive Analytics

1. Simple threshold
2. The prediction of the remaining life of a component
3. Explorative Data Analysis
4. An open framework in CBM systems

Chapter 14: Implementing a Digital Twin - Advanced Analytics

1. LSTNN
2. A digital representation of a piece of equipment
3. A physics-based model is based on design knowledge, while a data-driven model is driven by data

Chapter 15: Deploying Analytics on an IoT Platform

1. A general-purpose interactive IDE for Python and other languages
2. Prepare the data, build the model, (train the model, test the model), deploy the model, monitor the model
3. To build the model as a web application on a containerized application