You're reading from Kubernetes Design Patterns and Extensions

Product typeBook

Published inSep 2018

Reading LevelIntermediate

PublisherPackt

ISBN-139781789619270

Edition1st Edition

Languages

Tools

Kubernetes

Concepts

Containerization

Author (1)

Onur Yılmaz

Kubernetes Client Libraries

Kubernetes provides multiple options for creating applications with the Kubernetes API. These options include tools such as kubectl, helm, kops, and kubeadm; and client libraries, which are officially supported or community-maintained. However, it is essential that you know the capabilities and boundaries of the clients in order to create applications that interact with Kubernetes.

In this chapter, you will learn how to access the Kubernetes API directly and use Kubernetes client libraries. Firstly, direct access to the Kubernetes API will be explained, and responses from the Kubernetes API will be demonstrated. Following that, official and community-maintained libraries will be given, including detailed information and example applications. Throughout this chapter, you'll develop applications that connect to the Kubernetes API, inside and outside...

Accessing the Kubernetes API

Kubernetes consists of several loosely-coupled components, with the principal idea of managing versioned resources. Kubernetes components can be divided into two sections: the control plane and node components. The control plane consists of the API Server, Controller Managers, and Schedulers. The API Server is the core management component and has the following functionalities:

Serves a REST API for the clients outside the cluster and Kubernetes components inside the cluster
Creates, deletes, and updates all of the Kubernetes resources, such as pods, deployments, and services
Stores the state of the objects in a distributed key/value store

Kubernetes API Style

The Kubernetes API is a RESTful...

Official Client Libraries

Applications that consume the Kubernetes REST API should implement API calls, including request and response types. Considering the rich set of Kubernetes resources that are provided to us, developing and maintaining API implementation becomes complex. Fortunately, Kubernetes has a rich set of official client libraries that are implemented in various programming languages. Client libraries do not only handle requests and responses, but also handle authentication to the API server. Besides, most of the client libraries can discover and connect to the Kubernetes API server if it is running inside the cluster.

In this section, official Go and Python client libraries will be presented. The client repositories, documentation, how to install, and how to create simple applications that are running inside and outside the clusters will be covered.

...

Community-Maintained Client Libraries

Kubernetes has an active and collaborative open source community, which has also increased its popularity. There are around 20 community-maintained client libraries that are listed in the Kubernetes documentation, which cover the following languages:

Clojure
Go
Java
Lisp
Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
dotNet
Elixir

There are some critical points to consider before using a community-maintained client library:

Aim of the library: It is crucial to consider the aim of the development team and library. Although it seems not directly related to the software itself, it affects how the client library is developed. For instance, some libraries focus on simplicity and compromise on capability coverage. If the vision of your application and the client library don't match, it would be difficult to maintain the application in the long run.

Summary

In this chapter, Kubernetes API access and client libraries were discussed. Although there are various tools for communicating with Kubernetes, knowing the Kubernetes API itself and the client libraries is crucial for creating game-changing automation and orchestration tasks.
Firstly, the Kubernetes API style and how to connect using HTTP clients was presented. Following that, the client libraries of Kubernetes were covered, and we focused on two official client libraries. For both Go and Python, how to install, write code, package, and deploy this code into cluster steps was done with demonstrations and activities.
Finally, community-maintained libraries for different language preferences or custom requirements were shown. With the knowledge and hands-on experience of Kubernetes client libraries, higher levels of automation and extending Kubernetes is possible. In the...

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Author (1)

Onur Yılmaz

Onur Ylmaz is a senior software engineer in a multinational enterprise software company. He is a certified Kubernetes administrator (CKA) and works on Kubernetes and cloud management systems. He is a keen supporter of cutting-edge technologies including Docker, Kubernetes, and cloud-native applications. He has one master's and two bachelor's degrees in the engineering field.
Read more about Onur Yılmaz

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