Making decisions with switch

We have already seen if, which allows us to make a decision whether to execute a block of code based upon the result of its expression. Sometimes a decision in C++ can be better made in other ways.

When we have to make a decision based on a clear list of possible outcomes, which doesn't involve complex combinations or wide ranges of values, then switch is usually the way to go. We start a switch decision as we can see in the following code:

switch(expression) 
{ 
 
   // More code here 
} 

In the previous example, expression could be an actual expression or just a variable. Then, within the curly braces, we can make decisions based on the result of the expression or the value of the variable. We do this with the case and break keywords:

case x: 
    //code to for x 
    break; 
  
case y: 
    //code for y 
    break; 

You can see in the previous abstract example that, each case states a possible result and each break denotes the end of that case and the point...