⭐Masterclass:

Unlock the Full Potential of Kubernetes for Scalable Application Management

Kubernetes pod and container restarting

Better Kubernetes YAML Editing with (Neo)vim

Monitoring kubernetes events with kubectl and Grafana Loki

Practical Logging for PHP Applications with OpenTelemetry

Using 1Password with External Secrets Operator in a GitOps way

🔍Secret Knowledge:

Build your own SQS or Kafka with Postgres

Revealing the Inner Structure of AWS Session Tokens

An Opinionated Ramp Up Guide to AWS Pentesting

Gang scheduling pods on Amazon EKS using AWS Batch multi-node processing jobs

Application Availability Depends on Dependencies

🛠️HackHub: Best Tools for the Cloud

PostgreSQL cloud native High Availability and more

Kubernetes Operator to automate Helm, DaemonSet, StatefulSet & Deployment updates

Runs and manages databases, message queues, etc on K8s

Powerful workflow engine and end-to-end pipeline solutions implemented with native Kubernetes resources

configure kubernetes objects on multiple clusters using jsonnet

Cheers,

Shreyans Singh

Editor-in-Chief

Kubernetes pod and container restarting

In Kubernetes, a Pod is the smallest deployable unit, often containing one or more containers. When a container or pod needs to be restarted due to errors or updates, Kubernetes offers several methods to do so. For example, you can restart a Pod by deleting it, and Kubernetes will automatically recreate it if it’s part of a Deployment. Alternatively, you can restart a specific container within a Pod using commands like `kubectl exec` for more precise control. These features allow Kubernetes to maintain high availability and resilience in a cloud environment.

Better Kubernetes YAML Editing with (Neo)vim

Editing Kubernetes YAML files can be tricky, but using Neovim, a modern version of Vim, can make it much easier. Neovim is lightweight, highly customizable, and integrates well with your terminal, making it ideal for DevOps and platform engineers. By configuring Neovim specifically for YAML files, you can set up features like auto-indentation, syntax highlighting, folding, and autocompletion, all of which help reduce errors and improve efficiency.

Monitoring kubernetes events with kubectl and Grafana Loki

In Kubernetes, monitoring events is crucial for understanding the status and issues related to Pods, WorkerNodes, and other components. You can use `kubectl` to view these events directly, or you can enhance your monitoring setup by integrating Kubernetes events with Grafana Loki. By capturing events as logs using a tool like the `k8s-event-logger`, which listens to the Kubernetes API, you can store them in Loki, create metrics with RecordingRules, and visualize them in Grafana.

Practical Logging for PHP Applications with OpenTelemetry

Practical logging for PHP applications using OpenTelemetry involves instrumenting your PHP code to collect and correlate log data with other observability signals like traces and metrics. This approach is particularly useful in microservices-based architectures, where understanding the interactions between different services is crucial for maintaining system stability. By using OpenTelemetry, developers can standardize how telemetry data is collected and exported, reducing complexity.

Using 1Password with External Secrets Operator in a GitOps way

To manage secrets securely in a GitOps environment using Kubernetes, you can integrate 1Password with the External Secrets Operator. This setup allows you to automatically fetch and inject secrets stored in 1Password into your Kubernetes cluster. By using tools like ArgoCD, Helm, or FluxCD, you can deploy and manage this integration efficiently. The External Secrets Operator pulls secrets from 1Password via 1Password Connect, a proxy that ensures availability and reduces API requests.

Build your own SQS or Kafka with Postgres

You can build your own version of SQS (Simple Queue Service) or Kafka using PostgreSQL by setting up tables and queries that mimic the functionality of these popular message queues and streams. For SQS, you create a table to store messages, with columns that help manage message visibility, delivery attempts, and order. You can then write queries to insert messages, retrieve them while respecting visibility timeouts, and delete them after processing. For Kafka, you expand this setup by storing messages persistently and keeping track of where each consumer group is in the message stream, allowing multiple consumers to process messages independently and in parallel, similar to Kafka's partitioning system.

Revealing the Inner Structure of AWS Session Tokens

By reverse engineering these tokens, the research team developed tools to analyze and modify them programmatically. This allowed them to uncover previously unknown details about AWS's cryptography and authentication protocols. Their findings showed that while AWS's security measures are robust, understanding the structure of these tokens can help defenders better protect against potential attacks. Additionally, the research raises questions about the privacy and integrity of these tokens.

An Opinionated Ramp Up Guide to AWS Pentesting)

Lizzie Moratti's "Opinionated Ramp Up Guide to AWS Pentesting" offers a detailed roadmap for becoming proficient in AWS pentesting, emphasizing practical experience over certifications. The guide is tailored for those with a foundational understanding of networking and security, and it stresses the importance of broad knowledge before delving into deeper cloud-specific skills. The guide also touches on industry pitfalls, such as reliance on automated tools and the challenges of cloud pentesting in a fast-evolving environment.

Gang scheduling pods on Amazon EKS using AWS Batch multi-node processing jobs

AWS Batch now supports multi-node parallel (MNP) jobs for Amazon EKS, allowing you to gang schedule pods across multiple nodes for tasks that require extensive computation, like machine learning or weather forecasting. Previously, MNP jobs were only available on Amazon ECS. With this update, you can use AWS Batch on EKS to run distributed processing jobs, such as those with Dask, a Python library for parallel computing. The setup involves defining job configurations that include a main node running the scheduler and worker nodes executing the tasks. This approach ensures efficient communication and scaling across nodes, streamlining complex computations in a managed environment.

Application Availability Depends on Dependencies

Modern applications depend on various services and components, meaning their reliability is tightly linked to the uptime of these dependencies. For example, if an application like Tekata.io needs to maintain 99.9% uptime, but it relies on several services with only 99.9% uptime each, the combined effect could reduce Tekata.io’s overall availability. To hit the desired uptime, dependencies need to have even higher availability. The formula \( A = U^N \) shows that if your application’s target uptime is 99.9% and it has 7 dependencies, each dependency must have an uptime of 99.99% to meet that target.

sorintlab/stolon

Stolon is a cloud-native tool designed to manage PostgreSQL databases with high availability, making it suitable for deployment in various environments including Kubernetes and traditional infrastructures. It leverages PostgreSQL's streaming replication and integrates with cluster stores like etcd, Consul, or Kubernetes for leader election and data storage.

keel-hq/keel

Keel is a lightweight tool for automating updates to Kubernetes deployments without needing complex command-line interfaces or APIs. It integrates directly with Kubernetes and Helm, using labels and annotations to manage updates based on semantic versioning policies.

apecloud/kubeblocks

KubeBlocks is an open-source tool designed to simplify the management of multiple database types on Kubernetes using a unified set of APIs. Instead of dealing with different operators for each database, KubeBlocks provides a single control plane to manage various databases such as PostgreSQL, Redis, and Kafka. It offers a standardized approach to database lifecycle management, day-2 operations, and observability, with support for backup, recovery, and monitoring.

caicloud/cyclone

Cyclone is a workflow engine built for Kubernetes that manages end-to-end pipelines without requiring extra dependencies. It operates across various Kubernetes environments, including public, private, and hybrid clouds. Cyclone offers features like DAG graph scheduling, flexible parameterization, and integration with external systems. It supports triggers, multi-cluster execution, multi-tenancy, and automatic resource cleanup.

splunk/qbec

Qbec is a CLI tool designed for managing Kubernetes objects across multiple clusters or namespaces using jsonnet, a data-templating language. It simplifies Kubernetes configuration management by allowing users to define and deploy objects in various environments efficiently. Qbec is similar to tools like kubecfg and ksonnet.

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