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PHP 7 Programming Blueprints
PHP 7 Programming Blueprints

PHP 7 Programming Blueprints: Rethink PHP

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Profile Icon Palala Profile Icon Martin Helmich
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$48.99
Paperback Oct 2016 320 pages 1st Edition
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Arrow left icon
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PHP 7 Programming Blueprints

Chapter 2. Build a Database Class and Simple Shopping Cart

For our previous app, which was just user profiles, we only created a simple Create-Read-Update-Delete (CRUD) database abstraction layer - basic stuff. In this chapter, we will create a better database abstraction layer that will allow us to do more than just basic database functions.

Aside from the simple CRUD features, we will add result manipulation into the mix. We'll build the following features into our database abstraction class:

  • Conversion of integers to other, more accurate numeric types
  • Array to object conversion
  • firstOf() method: Allows us to select the first of the results of a database query
  • lastOf() method: Allows us to select the last of the results of a database query
  • iterate() method: Will allow us to iterate over the results and return it in a format we will send to this function
  • searchString() method: looks for a string in a list of results

We may add more functions as and when we might need them....

Building the database abstraction class

In PHP, when creating a class, there is a way to call a certain method every time that class is initialized. This is called the constructor of the class. Most classes have a constructor, and so we shall have our own. The constructor function is named with two underscores with the construct() keyword, like this: function __construct(). Functions with two underscores are also known as magic methods.

In our database abstraction class we need to create a constructor to be able to return the link object generated by mysqli:

 Class DB { 
   
  public $db; 
   
  //constructor 
  function __construct($server, $dbname,$user,$pass) { 
    //returns mysqli $link $link = mysqli_connect(''); 
    return $this->db = mysqli_connect($server, $dbname, $user, $pass); 
  } 
} 

Raw query method

The query method will just execute the query of anything passed to it. We will just call MySQLi's db->query method in the query method.

Here is what it looks...

Shopping Cart

Now we will be building a simplified Shopping Cart module which will take advantage of our newly built database abstraction class.

Let's map out the features of the Shopping Cart:

  • Shopping List page:
    • The shopper should see several items with their names and prices
    • The shopper should be able to click on a checkbox beside each item which adds it to the cart

  • Checkout page:
    • List of items and their prices
    • Total

  • Confirmation page:
    • Input the details such as the bill-to address, bill-to credit card number, and, of course, the name
    • The shopper should also be able to specify which address to send the goods to

Building the shopping items list

In this page, we will create basic HTML blocks to show the list of items that a shopper may wish to buy.

We will use the same template system which we had earlier, but instead of having the entire code in one page, we'll separate out the header and the footer and simply include them in our files using include(). We'll also use the same Bootstrap...

Installing TCPDF

You can download the TCPDF library from sourceforge, https://sourceforge.net/projects/tcpdf/

TCPDF is a PHP class for writing PDF documents.

A sample code with a PHP example of TCPDF's, looks as follows:

//Taken from http://www.tcpdf.org/examples/example_001.phps 
 
// Include the main TCPDF library (search for installation path). 
require_once('tcpdf_include.php'); 
 
// create new PDF document 
$pdf = new TCPDF(PDF_PAGE_ORIENTATION, PDF_UNIT, PDF_PAGE_FORMAT, true, 'UTF-8', false); 
 
// set document information 
$pdf->SetCreator(PDF_CREATOR); 
$pdf->SetAuthor('Nicola Asuni'); 
$pdf->SetTitle('TCPDF Example 001'); 
$pdf->SetSubject('TCPDF Tutorial'); 
$pdf->SetKeywords('TCPDF, PDF, example, test, guide'); 
 
// set default header data 
$pdf->SetHeaderData(PDF_HEADER_LOGO, PDF_HEADER_LOGO_WIDTH, PDF_HEADER_TITLE.' 001', PDF_HEADER_STRING, array(0,64,255), array(0,64,128));...

Admin for managing purchases

We'll be building the admin system for handling all our purchases. This is in order to keep track of each customer that bought something from our site. It will consist of two pages:

  • An overview of all customers who purchased something
  • Being able to view the items purchased by a customer

We will also be adding some features to these pages in order to make it easier for an admin to make changes to a customer's information.

We'll also create a simple  htaccess apache rule in order to block other people from accessing our admin site, because it contains highly sensitive data.

Let's first start selecting all the data inside our purchases table:

<?php 
//create an html variable for printing the html of our page: 
$html = '<!DOCTYPE html><html><body>'; 
 
$table = 'purchases'; 
$results = $db->select_all($table); 
 
//start a new table structure and set the headings of our table: 
$html .= '&lt...

Summary

Great, we're done!

We just learned how to build a simple database abstraction layer, and how to use it for a Shopping Cart. We also learned about cookies and building an invoice using the TCPDF library.

In the next chapter, we'll build a completely different thing and use sessions to save the current user information of a user in building a PHP-based chat system.

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Key benefits

  • Don’t just learn PHP 7 – follow a diverse range of practical knowledge to get started quickly
  • Take advantage of PHP 7’s newest features – and find out how to use them to solve real development challenges
  • Put PHP to work for performance and scalability – we’ll show you how, you do it!

Description

When it comes to modern web development, performance is everything. The latest version of PHP has been improvised and updated to make it easier to build for performance, improved engine execution, better memory usage, and a new and extended set of tools. If you’re a web developer, what’s not to love? This guide will show you how to make full use of PHP 7 with a range of practical projects that will not only teach you the principles, but also show you how to put them into practice. It will push and extend your skills, helping you to become a more confident and fluent PHP developer. You’ll find out how to build a social newsletter service, a simple blog with a search capability using Elasticsearch, as well as a chat application. We’ll also show you how to create a RESTful web service, a database class to manage a shopping cart on an e-commerce site and how to build an asynchronous microservice architecture. With further guidance on using reactive extensions in PHP, we’re sure that you’ll find everything you need to take full advantage of PHP 7. So dive in now!

Who is this book for?

The book is for web developers, PHP consultants, and anyone who is working on multiple projects with PHP. Basic knowledge of PHP programming is assumed.

What you will learn

  • *Build versatile projects using the newest features PHP 7 has to offer
  • *Learn how to use PHP 7's event-driven asynchronous features
  • *Find out how to improve the performance of your code with effective techniques and design patterns
  • *Get to grips with backend development and find out how to optimize session handling
  • *Learn how to use the PHP 7 Abstract Syntax Tree to improve the quality of your code and make it more maintainable
  • *Find out how to build a RESTful web service
  • *Build your own asynchronous microservice
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Table of Contents

9 Chapters
1. Create a User Profile System and use the Null Coalesce Operator Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Build a Database Class and Simple Shopping Cart Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Building a Social Newsletter Service Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Build a Simple Blog with Search Capability using Elasticsearch Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Creating a RESTful Web Service Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Building a Chat Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Building an Asynchronous Microservice Architecture Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Building a Parser and Interpreter for a Custom Language Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Reactive Extensions in PHP Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
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