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Mastering HTML5 Forms
Mastering HTML5 Forms

Mastering HTML5 Forms: Create dynamic and responsive web forms with this in - depth, hands-on guide

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Mastering HTML5 Forms

Chapter 2. Validation of Forms

Form validation has always been tricky and painful for developers since the Web was born. Before HTML5, it was a nightmare for developers to write lines of code for validating forms to get the desired information from the user.

In this chapter, we will cover the following topics:

  • Validation, their benefits, and their types

  • HTML5 <input> and attributes used in validations

  • The difference between JavaScript and HTML5 validations with an example

  • Validation constraints and supported APIs (Application Programming interface)

  • Default error messages displayed by the browser

Form validation


Validation of a form is a series of checks and notifications that guides a user as to what is required as an input while submitting information to a server. We can also say that it is a process of checking the input data against a specific standard or requirement.

Form validation is a process for detecting invalid control data and displaying those errors to the end users. The term has several benefits as follows:

  • Provides the necessary instructions and hints

  • Provides a logical reading and navigation order of the elements

  • Users can easily get to know the mistakes they have made while entering the data

  • Ensures that the form can be completed and submitted using the keyboard

  • Saves users' waiting time on an HTTP request or a network call

  • Saves the owner's server time and memory from dealing with bad inputs

Validation ensures that sufficient data has been provided by the user, such as with online shopping, which typically includes the address, e-mail address, and many more details which...

HTML5 form validation


The purpose of introducing HTML5 validation is to notify a user that a page contains some mandatory information that needs to be filled or corrects the users for any errors using the browser's built-in processing. We should take advantage of all the capabilities and knowledge that the browser has, to catch errors within a form, before sending it to the server. Also, we need not bother about the time and expense of a network round-trip or getting a response from the server about some stupid error.

New <input> attributes such as required and pattern used in combination with CSS pseudo-class selectors make it easier to write the checks and display feedback to the user. There are also other advanced validation techniques that allow you to use JavaScript to set custom validity rules and messages or to determine whether an element is invalid and why.

Before we go deeper into HTML5 validations, let us see the difference when the client-side validation is performed using...

Constraint validations


The algorithm that browsers run to determine the validity of a form when it is submitted is called constraint validation. To constrain data or check validity, the algorithm utilizes new HTML5 attributes such as min, max, step, pattern, and required, as well as existing attributes such as maxlength and type.

In HTML5, basic constraints are declared in two different ways:

  • By choosing the most semantically appropriate value for the type attribute of the <input> element

  • By setting values on validation-related attributes and allowing basic constraints to be described in a simple way without the need for JavaScript

HTML5 constraint validation APIs

Nowadays, an increasing number of browsers are supporting the constraint validation API, and it's becoming more and more reliable. However, HTML5 constraint validation doesn't remove the need for validation on the server side.

At a high level, this API covers the following features:

  • Form fields have a validity property

  • Form fields...

Error messages


Nowadays, all modern browsers support most of the features of HTML5. The functionality of the features is the same in all browsers but there are some differences; one of which is the default error message that the browser, displays.

Some of the default error messages displayed by various browsers are shown in the following screenshot:

However, we can change the default error message of the browser with the help of setCustomvalidity. Let us understand this with an example.

The following code changes the default error message of a browser to a custom message:

<script>
  function check() 
  {
    varhtmlObject=document.getElementById("input");
    if (!htmlObject.checkValidity()) {
      htmlObject.setCustomValidity('This field is mandatory');
    }
  }
</script>
<body>
  <form id="myForm">
  <input id="input" type="text" required />
  <input type="submit" onclick="check(this)">
  </form>
</body>

The preceding code will give the following...

Summary


In this chapter, we learned about form validation and their types. We also learned the benefits of the different types of validations. We have also seen the various <input> types and attributes used in the validation of forms.

We have seen the difference between JavaScript validation and HTML5 validation by building a sample code.

Next, we learned about constraint validations and the various APIs supported by HTML5.

Lastly, we saw the various browser-specific default error messages and learned how to change the browser's default error message.

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Key benefits

  • Enhance the look and feel of your form
  • Optimize your user experience for any device
  • Utilize HTML5's brand new form elements

Description

HTML5 has given web developers the ability to easily develop sites and applications which, previously, were extremely time consuming. Now, they can not only build visually stunning forms and web pages, but can also increase the scope of their applications, as well as collect valuable user inputs and data through customized forms. This practical guide will teach you how to create responsive forms, and how to link them to the database. This will enable you to take advantage of the power behind HTML5 elements for building forms, and make the user interfaces attractive and more interactive. Explore the benefits of web forms, and learn how to create them using new HTML5 form elements. This guide will take you through a number of clear, practical examples that will help you to take advantage of the forms built and customized using HTML5 and related technologies, quickly and painlessly. Your ability to build responsive forms will be enhanced throughout the book.You will also learn about the necessity of validations, CSS3 properties for improving the look of the form, and how to link the form to the server. Lastly, you will learn to make the standard forms responsive by making them compatible with desktops and mobile devices.

Who is this book for?

Enhance your skills in building responsive and dynamic web forms using HTML5, CSS3, and related technologies. All you need is a basic understanding of HTML and PHP.

What you will learn

  • Get to grips with the new HTML5 form elements and attributes
  • Add client-side validation to your forms using HTML5 attributes
  • Discover form validation constraints and the supported APIs
  • Style your forms using CSS3
  • Prevent spoofing and forging of the forms
  • Utilize PHP and MySQL to store information in databases
  • Understand responsive design techniques
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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Nov 22, 2013
Length: 148 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781782164661
Languages :

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Product Details

Publication date : Nov 22, 2013
Length: 148 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781782164661
Languages :

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Frequently bought together


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HTML5 Web Application Development By Example : Beginner's guide
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HTML5 Data and Services Cookbook
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Mastering HTML5 Forms
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Table of Contents

5 Chapters
Forms and Their Significance Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Validation of Forms Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Styling the Forms Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Connection with Database Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Responsive Web Forms Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
(5 Ratings)
5 star 40%
4 star 20%
3 star 40%
2 star 0%
1 star 0%
Ohioan Jan 27, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I've struggled with web forms, for some reason, so was happy when I ran across this book. Not by accident, as I was looking, for something that gave forms a good treatment on their own and not just as a passing mention as often the case in other books.I particularly liked the section on security and preventing spoofing and cross-site request forgery -- which I had not seen mentioned anywhere before. And given that securing my site is a top priority, this tidbit of knowledge, for me anyway, more than justifies the cost of purchase. But there's lots more.The health related forms provide good examples of form elements in use. And I'm working thru the example code right now to see if I can get working on my own site -- which I then hope to use as a starting point for building the forms I need.Still an introductory test, for sure, but a decent one at that.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Abi Jan 06, 2025
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
IT IS HELPING BOOK
Subscriber review Packt
Dustin Marx Jan 26, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
Mastering HTML5 Forms consists of 5 chapters and about 125 pages of content. The first three chapters introduce and cover the key concepts and syntax of HTML5 forms. The fourth chapter focuses on using PHP and MySQL to store data provided via HTML5 forms in a database. The final chapter introduces responsive web design, covers some key strategies of responsive web design, and discusses using responsive web design to make forms-based applications perform better on devices of different resolutions and capabilities.Although most of Mastering HTML5 Forms is introductory in nature, most of the chapters conclude with lists of guidelines and best practices for further study in each chapter's area. Mastering HTML5 Forms includes several code examples and screen snapshots, though I would have liked to have seen more screen snapshots for all of the various HTML5 elements and input types.HTML5 forms are well covered online, but an advantage of a book devoted to the subject is the ease and convenience of finding this information on HTML5 forms, HTML5 forms validation, HTML5 forms styling, and improving HTML5 forms with responsive web designs can be found in a single location.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Amazon Customer Oct 24, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
Not as comprehensive as I'd hoped.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Uwe Jan 12, 2025
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
It's very basic by showing HTML5 form inputs and ways to style them since it leaves it at mentioning mainly the language features to do so but goes little into depth what works best.
Subscriber review Packt
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