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Learning iOS Security
Learning iOS Security

Learning iOS Security: Enhance the security of your iOS platform and applications using iOS-centric security techniques

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Learning iOS Security

Chapter 2. Introducing App Security

In this chapter, we will look at one of the most important things to secure on iOS: apps. This includes data within apps, the context in which apps are allowed to run, how apps communicate via extensions, and how newer features in OS continue to put the focus on an Apple ID as the most important account to control on your device. However, the reason why most people sign up for an Apple ID is to install apps.

Many of the concepts discussed in this chapter will be an addition to or a reinforcement of our knowledge about the OS X architecture upon which iOS is based, which will be especially helpful if you are coming from the Windows or Blackberry platforms. Even Linux, with its process model echoing Unix, still has enough notable differences with the appliance-style computing experience showcased on iOS that it will be helpful to cover these more fundamental points. We will also briefly touch on in-house app development, which can be augmented...

Installing apps

How to install an app is considered a trivial exercise at this point, with common advertisements doing nothing more than showing the icons of the platform to suggest that they want you to get their app from the corresponding store. That being said, there are other ways to download and install an app than simply opening an app store on a device and tapping on Get. An app can be pushed over the air with management systems, put on the device with tools such as Apple Configurator (discussed in Chapter 4, Organizational Controls), and installed once it is compiled from the source code with Xcode (Apple's Integrated Development Environment (IDE), which is discussed with other tools that can perform installations in Chapter 6, Debugging and Conclusion).

There is no concept of sideloading apps on iOS in comparison to other platforms where you may be able to place a device into developer mode. Likewise you will likely never have implicit or otherwise stated encouragement to...

Single App mode, App Lock, and Guided Access

When devices are made to work a shared-usage model, for example, many nurses using the same iPad during shifts at a hospital, one method to restrict access and standardize the experience would be to lock the device to a single app. This is referred to by different names based on how it is initiated, and it can be achieved with the tools that we will discuss in future chapters. The device shows only the designated app and never goes to the home screen (also referred to internally as the Springboard). The Home button is essentially disabled and Control Center (which is accessed by swiping up from the bottom edge of an iOS device) is also not accessible. This can also enable a kiosk-type experience, where the device is protected from misuse by dictating that only a single app can run.

In recent releases of iOS, developers have been granted APIs to enable app lock when they enter a certain state within the app or until a specific requirement is met...

App communication

Historically, very few affordances were made when one developer wanted to communicate with the application data of another developer. URL schemes were manipulated for this purpose and they allowed a developer's app to be summoned by an identifier that was usually based on the bundle ID. In the last few major releases of iOS, there was at least the affordance for shared credentials to be accessed between apps by the same developer. This sharing of a keychain by an app group now also includes the sharing of file storage and preference data, which was previously accomplished by separate accounts with third-party sync services like Dropbox. iCloud Drive has been introduced to perform similar ad hoc file storage and sharing tasks. If this sounds somewhat limiting, it's because historically it has been, but we will touch upon the new ways in which app functionality and data can leak out from the one-app-at-a-time silo after we discuss how app data can now pass more...

Keybags and keychains

As discussed in the previous chapter, the keychain is known as a way to centrally store and manage credentials and other secret data that are in use by applications on the behalf of the user, carried over from OS X. There is also the concept of a keybag, which in practice is a grouping of secrets (or more practically, keys) that allow the system to manage the moving parts around specific interactions. Besides, when used by the system itself to manage the encryption of the data, these deal with primarily when a backup will run either over Wi-Fi to iTunes, when tethered by USB to iTunes, or while the device is plugged into a power source and locked as a requirement to send to iCloud Backup.

Explaining keybags as a concept is a minor point, but there has been terminology confusion regarding things such as the securing of apps with digital rights management and the use of the keychain, neither of which are directly related. To summarize, keybags are an abstraction for secrets...

Keyboards and extensions

One of the greatly anticipated features of iOS 8 was the concept of Extensions. While shuttling around the state of an application is all well and good, extensions allow apps to have their functionality appear in new places.

This is implemented through the addition of specific abilities presented to developers that are referred to as extension points, with the most anticipated being third-party keyboards. A more popular keyboard that is available for other platforms is Swype (though I am personally waiting for the return of Palm's Graffiti), which allows more fluid, one-handed text entry.

Apple grouped other possible extension categories under Today widgets (Today being a newly expanded view in Notification Center on iOS and Mac), photo editing enhancements (for example, filters from popular apps like VSCO Cam), document providers for importing files from popular sync services like Dropbox, and share providers like the pre-existing but system provided Facebook...

Sandboxing and App data storage

As we mentioned in the beginning of the chapter, a code signature is placed on the app bundle itself with additional protection, so that the signature is verified not only when the app is installed, but also at runtime when the app is launched, to make sure that it has not been modified in the meantime. This is for stability as much as it is for security, since code that has been modified or allowed to run roughshod on the system can cause the device, which we might just want to be able to use to call 911 in an emergency, to crash.

We spoke about a mobile user which would have a home folder. Unlike the common consumer computer OS, the data storage location of an app is randomly generated and kept separate from the user (besides the containerization of specific preferences that help sharing among a developer's apps, so those settings persist even if an app is deleted). There are frameworks, which are shipped by Apple in its SDK, that encourage storing...

Installing apps


How to install an app is considered a trivial exercise at this point, with common advertisements doing nothing more than showing the icons of the platform to suggest that they want you to get their app from the corresponding store. That being said, there are other ways to download and install an app than simply opening an app store on a device and tapping on Get. An app can be pushed over the air with management systems, put on the device with tools such as Apple Configurator (discussed in Chapter 4, Organizational Controls), and installed once it is compiled from the source code with Xcode (Apple's Integrated Development Environment (IDE), which is discussed with other tools that can perform installations in Chapter 6, Debugging and Conclusion).

There is no concept of sideloading apps on iOS in comparison to other platforms where you may be able to place a device into developer mode. Likewise you will likely never have implicit or otherwise stated encouragement to gain root...

Single App mode, App Lock, and Guided Access


When devices are made to work a shared-usage model, for example, many nurses using the same iPad during shifts at a hospital, one method to restrict access and standardize the experience would be to lock the device to a single app. This is referred to by different names based on how it is initiated, and it can be achieved with the tools that we will discuss in future chapters. The device shows only the designated app and never goes to the home screen (also referred to internally as the Springboard). The Home button is essentially disabled and Control Center (which is accessed by swiping up from the bottom edge of an iOS device) is also not accessible. This can also enable a kiosk-type experience, where the device is protected from misuse by dictating that only a single app can run.

In recent releases of iOS, developers have been granted APIs to enable app lock when they enter a certain state within the app or until a specific requirement is met...

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Description

This book is intended for mobile security professionals who want to learn how to secure iOS operating systems and its applications. Any knowledge of iOS architecture would be an added advantage.

Who is this book for?

This book is intended for mobile security professionals who want to learn how to secure iOS operating systems and its applications. Any knowledge of iOS architecture would be an added advantage.

What you will learn

  • Configure the appropriate features to debug data and inspect your device
  • Configure and operate iOS applications using the best practices
  • Build Mobile Device Management configurations with a secure approach
  • Choose the appropriate tools in an iOS deployment with the help of easytounderstand scenarios
  • Connect and manage Apple devices centrally
  • Provide appropriate input when a security policy is being made
  • Develop a toolset to begin tackling comprehensive forensic analysis
  • Transmit and store data efficiently using the privacy and iCloud settings
  • Connect your device to view network traffic and capture the camera
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Publication date : Feb 27, 2015
Length: 142 pages
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781783551743
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Table of Contents

7 Chapters
1. iOS Security Overview Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Introducing App Security Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Encrypting Devices Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Organizational Controls Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Mobile Device Management Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Debugging and Conclusion Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
(5 Ratings)
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4 star 0%
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1 star 0%
David Knuth Apr 06, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This book is a must-have for anyone who manages iOS devices in education or business environments. Given the complexities and pitfalls of managing these devices, along with the limitations associated with tablets that do not run fully-fledged OSes with normal security controls, this text serves as a guidebook and a roadmap to ensuring that not only are the devices as secure as possible, but also to help ensure that security whitepapers and standards are adjusted to comport with what is possible.I cannot recommend this book highly enough.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Alex K. Jun 01, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
There are other books that cover managing iOS devices out there. But I have not found any others that go this deep into the technical aspects on the iOS device itself. This book is the only one I've found which isn't afraid to cover the under-the-hood stuff and use developer jargon when necessary. A must-read for iOS admins who want to go further.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Cap10NRG Jun 02, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I write applications for government use where Security of information is very important. This book does a great job of providing developers with the information that they need to secure their applications and protect their user's information. I recommend purchasing this paperback version - it makes picking it up and skimming while you work much easier. Worth getting, well written, and gets to the point.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Mr. P. Waller May 27, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I am currently in the midst of an MDM deployment project which will encompass among other devices, iOS. This book starts with a primer on the very basics of iOS security before delving into the detail and nuances of how Apple and the consumer can protect their devices. It details how using Apples own configuration utility ads well as the authors interest in a 3rd Party MDM utility. I enjoyed this book because prior to this i had little knowledge of the inner workings of iOS, now i feel i can converse the merits of Apple products.Phil Waller
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Thomas Wolf May 26, 2015
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I very much like the practical examples that are used within the book (like a cook-book)!The book is short enough that it makes fun reading through, but still drills down to the details where needed, explaining the options to keep personal data away from prying eyes, explaining common and less common tools about encryptionand how to secure apps to reduce the risks being invaded by third-party apps. I use this book together with "Practical Mobile Forensics", also from PACKT, both together build a perfect bundle.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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