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Easy Web Development with WaveMaker
Easy Web Development with WaveMaker

Easy Web Development with WaveMaker: A practical, hands-on guide for amateur developers to design, develop, and deploy web and mobile applications using WaveMaker

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Easy Web Development with WaveMaker

Chapter 2. Digging into the Architecture

Now that we've seen the end result, let's take a look at how it is all put together. In this chapter, we will examine the WaveMaker application architecture. We will learn about the client, the server, how they are constructed, and some of the core features available to us in each. We'll examine the HTTP requests made to the server and examine the JSON request of a database read call. We'll also learn about typing in WaveMaker. We'll finish this chapter with a tour of the Studio WaveMaker application. By the end of this chapter, you will have learned about:

  • The client framework

  • The server architecture

  • Communications between client and server

  • Types

  • Application file structure

The big picture


A very short description of a WaveMaker application could be: a Spring MVC server running in a Java container, such as Tomcat, serving file and JSON requests for a Dojo Toolkit-based JavaScript browser client. Unfortunately, such "elevator" descriptions can create more questions than they answer.

For starters, although we will often refer to it as "the server," the WaveMaker server might be more aptly called an application server in most architectures. Sure, it is possible to have a useful application without additional servers or services beyond the WaveMaker server, but this is not typical. We could have a rich user interface to read against some in memory data set, for example. Far more commonly, the Java services running in the WaveMaker server are calling off to other servers or services, such as relational databases and RESTful web services. This means the WaveMaker server is often the middle or application tier server of a multi-tier application's architecture.

Yet at...

Getting comfortable with the JavaScript client


The client is a JavaScript client that runs in a modern browser. This means that most of the client, the HTML and DOM nodes that the browser interfaces with specifically, are created by JavaScript at runtime. The application is styled using CSS, and we can use HTML in our applications. However, we don't use HTML to define buttons and forms. Instead, we define components, such as widgets, and set their properties. These component class names and properties are used as arguments to functions that create DOM nodes for us.

Dojo Toolkit

To do this, WaveMaker uses the Dojo Toolkit, http://dojotoolkit.org/. Dojo, as it is generally referred to, is a modular, cross-browser, JavaScript framework with three sections. Dojo Core provides the base toolkit. On top of which are Dojo's visual widgets called Dijits. Finally, DojoX contains additional extensions such as charts and a color picker. DojoCampus' Dojo Explorer, http://dojocampus.com/explorer/, has a...

Springing into the server side


The WaveMaker server is a Java application running in a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Like the client, it builds upon proven frameworks and libraries. In the case of the server, the foundational block is the SpringSource framework, http://www.springsource.org/SpringSource, or the Spring framework. The Spring framework is the most popular enterprise Java development framework today, and for good reason.

The server of a WaveMaker application is a Spring application that includes the WaveMaker common, json, and runtime modules. More specifically, the WaveMaker server uses the Spring Web MVC framework to create a DispatcherServlet that delegates client requests to their handlers. WaveMaker uses only a handful of controllers, as we will see in the next section. The effective result is that it is the request URL that is used to direct a service call to the correct service. The method value of the request is the name of the client exposed function with the service to...

Client and server communication


Now that we've examined the client and server, we need to better understand the communication between the two. WaveMaker almost exclusively uses the HTTP methods GET and POST. In HTTP, GET is used, as you might suspect even without ever having heard of RFC 2626 (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616), to request, or get, a specific resource. Unless installed as a native application on a mobile device, a WaveMaker web application is loaded via a GET method. From index.html and runtimeLoad.js to the user defined pages and any images used on those images, the applications themselves are loaded into the browser using GET. All service calls, database reads and writes, or otherwise any invocations of a Java service functions, on the other hand, are POST. The URL of these POST functions is always the service named .json. For example, calls to a Java service named userPrefSvc would always be to the URL /userPrefSvc.json. Inside the POST method's request payload will...

Types


To be more precise about the com.custpurchasdb.data.Lineitem parameter in our read request, it is actually the type name of the read request. WaveMaker projects define types from primitive types such as Boolean and custom complex types such as Lineitem. In our runtime read example, com.custpurchasedb.data.Lineitem is both the package and class name of the imported Hibernate entity and the type name for the line item entity in the project.

Maintaining type information enables WaveMaker to ease a number of development issues. As the client knows the structure of the data it is getting from the server, it knows how to display that data with minimal developer configuration, if any. At design time, Studio uses type information in many areas to help us correctly configure our application. For example, when we set up a grid, type information enables Studio to present us with a list of possible column choices for the grid's dataset type. Likewise, when we add a form to the canvas for a database...

Studio is also an application


One of the more complex WaveMaker applications is the Studio. That's right, Studio is itself an application built out of WaveMaker widgets and using the runtime and server. Being the large, complex application we use to build applications, it can sometimes be difficult to understand where the runtime ends and Studio begins. With that said, Studio remains a treasure trove of examples and ideas to explore.

Let's open a finder, explorer, shell, or however you prefer to view the file system of a WaveMaker Studio installation. Let's look in the studio folder. If you've installed WaveMaker to c:\program files\WaveMaker\6.5.3.Release, the default on Windows, we're looking at c:\program files\WaveMaker\6.5.3.Release\studio. This is the webapproot of the Studio project:

For files, we've discussed index.html in loading the client. The type definition for the project types is types.js. The types.js definition is how the client learns of the server's Java types.

Moving on...

Summary


In this chapter, we reviewed the WaveMaker architecture. We started with some context of what we mean by "client" and "server" in the context of this book. We then proceeded to dig into the client and the server. We reviewed how both build upon leading frameworks, the Dojo Toolkit and the SpringSource Framework in particular. We examined the running of an application from the network point of view and how the client and server communicated throughout. We dissected a JSON request to the runtime service and encountered project types. We also learned about both project and client type definitions. We ended by revisiting the file system. This time, however, we walked through a Studio installation. Studio is also a WaveMaker application.

In the next chapter, we'll get comfortable with the Studio as a visual tool. We'll look at everything from the properties panels to the built-in source code editors.

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Key benefits

  • Develop and deploy custom, data-driven, and rich AJAX web and mobile applications with minimal coding using the drag-and-drop WaveMaker Studio
  • Use the graphical WaveMaker Studio IDE to quickly assemble web applications and learn to understand the project's artefacts
  • Customize the generated application and enhance it further with custom services and classes using Java and JavaScript

Description

Developers of all levels can now easily develop custom, responsive, and rich web application clients with secure, scalable servers utilizing relational databases and RESTful services using WaveMaker Studio. Whether you need a departmental business application or a form application for your weekend club, this book will show you how to design, develop, and deploy professional grade web applications with WaveMaker. Easy Web Development with WaveMaker will help you use WaveMaker to design, develop, and deploy rich, responsive web applications, even if you are not a programmer. If you need to build a data-driven web application, but you only know ‘enough to be dangerous,' you need this book. This book examines every angle of using WaveMaker to build applications, from dissecting examples to customizing, deploying, and debugging your own applications. This book enables the non-professional programmer to become comfortable not only with using WaveMaker Studio itself, but also with the artefacts produced by the studio as well as the runtime and services provided by the WaveMaker framework. You will learn everything, from how customize the user experience with JavaScript and CSS to integrating with custom Java services and the Spring Framework server-side. Easy Web Development with WaveMaker 6.5 is packed with examples, code samples, screenshots, and links to equip you to be successful with WaveMaker Studio.

Who is this book for?

This book is for ‘citizen developers'; amateur developers who want to build modern, responsive, but scalable web applications connected to database, REST, and Java services without all the effort. No specific technical knowledge is assumed. However, you will be interacting with numerous technologies throughout the course of this book. The more of those technologies you are familiar with, the easier you will find this book. This book is also good for developers looking to use WaveMaker as a tool to build quickly build AJAX browser clients to their web and Java services using the Spring Framework

What you will learn

  • Design better performing, more usable, and more scalable web applications that are easier to maintain using WaveMaker Studio
  • Understand both the big picture and the file-by-file assembly of a WaveMaker application and the WaveMaker framework
  • Rapidly generate forms, data models, and services from existing relational databases and web services
  • Customize the generated application and add complex custom features using standard technologies including CSS, JavaScript, and Java
  • Diagnose and debug problems in applications using the Chrome developer tools and the Eclipse debugger
  • Secure applications by developing an understanding of how security is applied and leverage that understanding to be confident in the results
  • Understand the deployment options and requirements for WaveMaker applications, from the desktop to the cloud
  • Access and leverage the underlying Dojo Toolkit and Spring Framework to build custom solutions to enterprise problems
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Table of Contents

15 Chapters
Getting Started with WaveMaker Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Digging into the Architecture Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Using Studio Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing a Well-Performing Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Navigating towards Reusability Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Styling the Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with Databases Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Utilizing Web Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Custom Java Services Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Customizing the User Interface with JavaScript Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Mastering Client Customization Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Securing Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Deploying Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Mobile Deployment Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Debugging Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.4
(5 Ratings)
5 star 40%
4 star 20%
3 star 0%
2 star 20%
1 star 20%
ARadovan Oct 05, 2013
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
When I first used Wavemaker there was no books available about it, so I had to find various ways to learn how to use Wavemaker and develop web applications with it: with the help of Screencasts, trial and error method, analyzing logs etc.With the release of this book things are much simpler and it is much easier to get to know all the key functionality of Wavemaker. The book is suitable for all kinds of users, from beginners to the most advanced developers. It describes everything from the simplest to the most complex features of Wavemaker, like running demo applications, opening Wavemaker project as Eclipse projects, using custom components and services, etc. Beginners can develop their own application without the knowledge of Hibernate and Spring framework, and instantly see the results.One of the most interesting parts of the book advises users how to design your application, on what to look for and how to maximize performance of applications optimized for various platforms and devices.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Eduardo Paramo Aug 26, 2013
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
It has certainly been a great help to guide me in understanding this tool and make the best out of it. Thanks to Ed Callahan and the Wavemaker community in teaching me about this awesome tool !!
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Ron Dawes Sep 28, 2013
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
This book contains lots of solid information about Wavemaker and should be very useful for anyone who desires to get the most out of the product. I do wish they had used a few more end to end project style examples but it's definitely worth the purchase nonetheless.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Devin Nov 12, 2013
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I purchased this book as I was looking to work with Wavemaker and thought it would provide a few insights beyond the really basic website tutorials. The book does provide some additional information but the writing style is difficult at best and given the limited additional information over the online tutorials I would recommend against the purchase of this book. The writing is ambiguous at time when explaining key points, the examples are little better than the "FREE" online tutorials, and the mobile section was weak. I really expected better from PACKT publishing.
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anonymous May 23, 2015
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