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Couchbase Essentials
Couchbase Essentials

Couchbase Essentials: Harness the power of Couchbase to build flexible and scalable applications

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Couchbase Essentials

Chapter 2. Using Couchbase CRUD Operations

Couchbase Server has a vast and powerful key/value API. There are basic operations to read and write values. There are facilities for easy and quick modification of simple data types. There are also methods used to manage concurrency with locks. You'll even find advanced key/value API methods that allow you to verify persistence and replication. In this chapter, we're going to explore the key/value interface in detail.

In order to examine this API, you'll need to install one of the Couchbase SDKs. While the Couchbase Console provides tools to insert and update documents, it doesn't expose the Couchbase CRUD API to the user in any way. To get a full feel for the Couchbase key/value API, we're going to jump right into using an SDK.

The Couchbase SDKs

The Couchbase team supports a number of SDKs, also known as Couchbase client libraries. At the time of writing this book, there are official libraries for Java, .NET, PHP, Ruby, Python, C, and Node.js. There are also community-supported libraries for Perl, Erlang, Go, and other platforms.

In this chapter, we'll explore a few of these clients. You should install the library for the platform with which you are most comfortable. Many of the clients are available through package managers such as .NET's NuGet or Python's pip. Visit http://www.couchbase.com/communities to find instructions about installation. Each community has a Getting Started guide that details how to obtain your chosen SDK, as shown next:

The Couchbase SDKs

Getting a client up and running in your environment of choice is beyond the scope of this chapter. If you wish to follow along with the examples, then you should run through the Getting Started tutorial for your platform. In the final chapter, we'll...

Basic operations

Couchbase Server's key/value API includes standard CRUD operations, and each of the SDKs contains corresponding CRUD methods. We'll begin our API exploration by demonstrating how to insert and retrieve a record from our default bucket. If you're following along, make sure you read the Getting Started guide's description on how to configure your client for use.

Connecting to your cluster

Before reading from or writing to a Couchbase Server bucket, you must first configure your client. The basic setup is consistent across all SDKs. You first connect to the cluster and then open a connection to a bucket, as follows:

var cluster = new Cluster();
var bucket = cluster.OpenBucket();

In the preceding C# snippet, the client assumes that the cluster is located on localhost (127.0.0.1), and the bucket you're connecting to is default. You can also set these values explicitly, like this:

var cluster = new Cluster("127.0.0.1");
var bucket = cluster.OpenBucket...

Advanced CRUD operations

The basic CRUD operations we've just seen are fairly straightforward and mimic what you'd expect to see in a relational system. As a key/value store, however, Couchbase provides a handful of additional, unique CRUD operations.

Temporary keys

As a descendant of the in-memory-only Memcached, Couchbase supports a set of operations you might not expect to see in a persistent store. Specifically, each of the CRUD methods outlined allows an expiry date to be provided. When set, this "time to live" option will be used to trigger the removal of a key by the server.

It is common in relational systems to have tables with expiration date columns. In this case, the expiry date is likely a flag to be used by a scheduled task that cleans old records. Couchbase Server allows you to achieve this very functionality without the need for a scheduled task or additional properties in the stored value.

To create a key with an expiry date, you can use either the set or...

Storing complex types

So far, we've limited our exploration primarily to simple data types such as strings and integers. In a real application, you're more likely to have business objects or other complex types that you will need to store. To Couchbase Server, the values that you store are nothing more than byte arrays. Therefore, the SDKs are able to use their respective language's binary serializer (often called a transcoder) to store any data structures.

Consider an application that stores information on a user profile. In .NET, you might have a data object that looks like this:

public class UserProfile
{
  public string Username { get; set; }
  
  public string Email { get; set; }
}

When you use the .NET client to save an instance of the UserProfile class in Couchbase Server, it will be serialized using .NET's default binary serializer. Couchbase Server, of course, knows nothing about a client platform's serialization format. It will simply store the byte array...

Concurrency and locking

While the Couchbase SDKs have been written to be thread-safe, your Couchbase applications still must consider concurrency. Whether two users or two threads are attempting to modify the same key, locking is a necessity in order to limit stale data writes. Couchbase Server supports both pessimistic and optimistic locking.

The CRUD operations we've seen so far do not make use of any locking. To see why this is a problem, consider the following C# code:

public class Story 
{
public String Title { get; set; }
  public String Body { get; set; }
  public List<String> Comments { get; set; }
}

var story = bucket.Get<Story>("story_slug").Value;
story.Comments.add("Nice Article!");
bucket.Replace<Story>("story_slug", story);

Now suppose that in the preceding code, in the moments between the get and set calls, the following code ran on another thread (that is, another web request):

var story = bucket.get<Story>("story_slug...

The Couchbase SDKs


The Couchbase team supports a number of SDKs, also known as Couchbase client libraries. At the time of writing this book, there are official libraries for Java, .NET, PHP, Ruby, Python, C, and Node.js. There are also community-supported libraries for Perl, Erlang, Go, and other platforms.

In this chapter, we'll explore a few of these clients. You should install the library for the platform with which you are most comfortable. Many of the clients are available through package managers such as .NET's NuGet or Python's pip. Visit http://www.couchbase.com/communities to find instructions about installation. Each community has a Getting Started guide that details how to obtain your chosen SDK, as shown next:

Getting a client up and running in your environment of choice is beyond the scope of this chapter. If you wish to follow along with the examples, then you should run through the Getting Started tutorial for your platform. In the final chapter, we'll work through building...

Basic operations


Couchbase Server's key/value API includes standard CRUD operations, and each of the SDKs contains corresponding CRUD methods. We'll begin our API exploration by demonstrating how to insert and retrieve a record from our default bucket. If you're following along, make sure you read the Getting Started guide's description on how to configure your client for use.

Connecting to your cluster

Before reading from or writing to a Couchbase Server bucket, you must first configure your client. The basic setup is consistent across all SDKs. You first connect to the cluster and then open a connection to a bucket, as follows:

var cluster = new Cluster();
var bucket = cluster.OpenBucket();

In the preceding C# snippet, the client assumes that the cluster is located on localhost (127.0.0.1), and the bucket you're connecting to is default. You can also set these values explicitly, like this:

var cluster = new Cluster("127.0.0.1");
var bucket = cluster.OpenBucket("default");

If you have multiple...

Advanced CRUD operations


The basic CRUD operations we've just seen are fairly straightforward and mimic what you'd expect to see in a relational system. As a key/value store, however, Couchbase provides a handful of additional, unique CRUD operations.

Temporary keys

As a descendant of the in-memory-only Memcached, Couchbase supports a set of operations you might not expect to see in a persistent store. Specifically, each of the CRUD methods outlined allows an expiry date to be provided. When set, this "time to live" option will be used to trigger the removal of a key by the server.

It is common in relational systems to have tables with expiration date columns. In this case, the expiry date is likely a flag to be used by a scheduled task that cleans old records. Couchbase Server allows you to achieve this very functionality without the need for a scheduled task or additional properties in the stored value.

To create a key with an expiry date, you can use either the set or add operation. You'll...

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Description

This book is for those application developers who want to achieve greater flexibility and scalability from their software. Whether you are familiar with other NoSQL databases or have only used relational systems, this book will provide you with enough background to move you along at your own pace. If you are new to NoSQL document databases, the design discussions and introductory material will give you the information you need to get started with Couchbase.

Who is this book for?

This book is for those application developers who want to achieve greater flexibility and scalability from their software. Whether you are familiar with other NoSQL databases or have only used relational systems, this book will provide you with enough background to move you along at your own pace. If you are new to NoSQL document databases, the design discussions and introductory material will give you the information you need to get started with Couchbase.

What you will learn

  • Download, install, and configure a singlenode Couchbase Server cluster
  • Explore the Couchbase Server key/value APIs used to put data in and get data out of a Couchbase bucket
  • Review the basics of MapReduce as a programming model used to transform data structures
  • Create simple secondary indexes using Couchbase MapReduce views
  • Learn how to create advanced views to aggregate data in a Couchbase bucket
  • Understand how to design a schema for documents in a schemaless document database
  • Query for data in a Couchbase bucket using the new query language N1QL
  • Design and develop an application from scratch using Couchbase
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Publication date : Feb 25, 2015
Length: 170 pages
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781784394493
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ISBN-13 : 9781784394493
Vendor :
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Category :
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Table of Contents

9 Chapters
1. Getting Comfortable with Couchbase Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Using Couchbase CRUD Operations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Creating Secondary Indexes with Views Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Advanced Views Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Introducing N1QL Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Designing a Schema-less Data Model Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Creating a To-do App with Couchbase Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
A. Couchbase SDKs Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
(2 Ratings)
5 star 0%
4 star 50%
3 star 0%
2 star 50%
1 star 0%
Mark Paluch Mar 16, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
Couchbase Essentials is a book written by former Couchbase Inc. developer John Zablocki. The book claims to be for developers, but it is valuable to software architects as well. The book starts with a lot of marketing about Couchbase, explaining the history from CouchDB and memcached. This chapter will guide its readers through a very detailed installation procedure that reminds on a very detailed Couchbase manual. Nearly every click is explained.The first part was no fun to read. Once the setup part lies behind, the reader will be rewarded with very valuable details on sharding and replication, detailed hints on the SDK's. The book enables understanding the key-value nature of this document store. This book contains seven chapters1. Getting Comfortable with Couchbase2. Using Couchbase CRUD Operations3. Creating Secondary Indexes with Views4. Advanced Views5. Introducing N1QL6. Designing a Schema-less Data Model7. Creating a To-do App with CouchbaseEvery chapter guides its reader through the functionality and points out some details that aren't that obvious. One of them is that cross-SDK access in the key-value API does not guarantee interoperability because of platform-dependent model serializers/deserializers. That means models serialized by Python might be not readable by Java and vice versa. To achieve interoperability, Couchbase users need to use formats such as JSON or XML instead the default model serializers. The code samples provided in the book (EPUB on iPad) are hard to read due to lots of line breaks containing hyphens (-) combined with a lack of code formatting. Hyphens in code line breaks are confusing.Couchbase functionality is nice explained, and the path throughout the Couchbase features explains from basic to advanced. The reader never gets lost. I got already in touch with Couchbase and tried to establish a data model by myself, which was quite hard for me. Couchbase Essentials helped me to find a style for data modelling and explains how to fit data models in the key-value thinking. There is no guide for what data/use cases Couchbase fits the best or what data should be not stored.The guide for data modelling does not cover the "make up you mind on how you want to query your data" fully. The secondary indexes chapter and the todo app help to understand the way of working with data in Couchbase.There is a part on N1QL (pronounced nickel), the looks-like-SQL queries. This chapter gives a brief overview of what to expect of N1QL. I was impressed by the flexibility, but N1QL is still alpha, and that chapter gave me the impression of marketing material again. Perhaps there will be a version 2 of the book with the final N1QL guide. Always reading that it is alpha and not yet supported on all SDK's is a fun killer. There is also not explained at what cost N1QL comes.Couchbase Essentials is worth reading and supplies lots of details. Looking forward for a version 2 of this book where several typos and the N1QL are fixed.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
J. D. Litwiller Oct 19, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
This book is a disappointment on several different levels. The biggest is that, even though it was first published in 2015, it doesn't cover version 4.0. It doesn't even cover 3.xx. It talks about version 2.5.1 being the latest release!Other than installation, there is little information about actually administering a production Couchbase cluster. Another disappointment.The content that is there is fairly well-written, but it is thin. Certainly not worth $29.99.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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