The rendering pipeline
When you publish a project, Papervision3D handles several processes, resulting in the illusion of 3D that you see on your two-dimensional screen. The sequence of processes that transform 3D information into a 2D screen is called the rendering pipeline. The Papervision3D rendering pipeline looks like this:

When you built your first application in the previous chapter, you instantiated a sphere that appeared on the screen after publishing the file. Let's run through the pipeline with the sphere example in mind.
Initialization is the part where you set up your application by creating a viewport, a scene, a camera, a renderer, and one or more 3D objects. This is something that happens only once. In the example in Chapter 2, you created a sphere with default wireframe material in the init() method, which stands for initialize.
Projection converts 3D coordinates onto a 2D screen. As said in the previous section, a 3D object is made up of vertices, which have a third...