OOP concepts

As we have already stated in the introduction, the main OOP concepts are as follows:

• Class: This defines the properties and behavior (methods) of objects that are created based on this class.
• Object: This defines a state (data) as values of its properties, adds behavior (methods) taken from a class, and holds them together.
• Inheritance: This propagates behavior down the chain of classes connected via parent-child relationships.
• Interface: This describes how object data and behavior can be accessed. It isolates (abstracts) an object’s appearance from its implementations (behavior).
• Encapsulation: This hides the state and details of the implementation.
• Polymorphism: This allows an object to assume an appearance of implemented interfaces and behave like any of the ancestor classes.

Object/class

In principle, you can create a very powerful application with minimal usage of classes and objects. It became even easier to do this after...