Network devices

Network devices are not accessed through device nodes, and they do not have major and minor numbers. Instead, a network device is allocated a name by the kernel based on a string and an instance number. Here is an example of the way a network driver registers an interface:

my_netdev = alloc_netdev(0, "net%d", NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, netdev_setup);
ret = register_netdev(my_netdev);

This creates a network device named net0 the first time it is called, net1 the second time, and so on. More common names include lo, eth0, enp2s0, wlan0, and wlp1s0. Note that this is the name it starts off with; device managers such as udev may change it to something different later.

Usually, the network interface name is only used when configuring the network using utilities such as ip to establish a network address and route. Thereafter, you interact with the network driver indirectly by opening sockets and letting the network layer decide how to route them to the right...