Building Telephony Systems with OpenSER Table of Contents

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Table of Contents

Preface
Chapter 1: Introduction to SIP
Chapter 2: The SIP Express Router
Chapter 3: OpenSER Installation
Chapter 4: OpenSER Standard Configuration
Chapter 5: Adding Authentication with MySQL
Chapter 6: Building the User Portal with SerMyAdmin
Chapter 7: Connectivity to the PSTN
Chapter 8: Call Forward and Voice Mail
Chapter 9: SIP NAT Traversal
Chapter 10: OpenSER Accounting and Billing
Chapter 11: Troubleshooting Tools
After Words
Index

• Preface

• Chapter 1: Introduction to SIP
  • SIP Basics
    • SIP Proxy in the Context of a VOIP Provider
    • SIP Operation Theory
    • SIP Registration Process
  • Server Operating as a SIP Proxy
  • Server Operating as a SIP Redirect
  • Basic Messages
    • SIP Dialog Flow
  • SIP Transactions and Dialogs
    • The RTP Protocol
      • Codecs
      • DTMF-Relay
      • Real Time Control Protocol (RTCP)
    • Session Description Protocol (SDP)
  • The SIP Protocol and the OSI Model
  • The VoIP Provider "Big Picture"
    • SIP Proxy
    • User, Administration, and Provisioning Portal
    • PSTN Gateway
    • Media Server
    • Media Proxy or RTP Proxy for Nat Traversal
    • RADIUS Accounting
    • CDRTool Rating
    • Monitoring Tools

• Where You Can Find More Information
• Summary

• Chapter 2: The SIP Express Router
  • Where Are We?
  • What is the SIP Express Router?
  • What Software to Use, SER or OpenSER?
  • Usage Scenarios
  • OpenSER Architecture
    • Core and Modules
    • Sections of the File openser.cfg
    • Sessions, Dialogs, and Transactions
    • openser.cfg Message Processing
  • SIP Proxy—Expected Behavior
  • Stateful Operation
  • Differences between Strict Routing and Loose Routing
  • Understanding SIP and RTP
    • Summary

• Chapter 3: OpenSER Installation
  • Hardware Requirements
  • Software Requirements
  • Lab—Installing Linux for OpenSER
  • Downloading and Installing OpenSER v1.2
  • Lab—Running OpenSER at the Linux Boot
  • OpenSER v1.2 Directory Structure
    • Configuration Files (etc/openser)
    • Modules (/lib/openser/modules)
    • Binaries (/sbin)
  • Log Files
  • Startup Options
  • Summary

• Chapter 4: OpenSER Standard Configuration
  • Where Are We?
  • Analyzing the Standard Configuration
  • Using the Standard Configuration
  • Routing Basics
    • Transactions and Dialogs
    • Initial and Sequential Requests
    • Routing in a Context of a Transaction
    • Routing in the Context of a Dialog
    • Lab—Tracking a Complete Dialog
    • Lab—Running Stateless
    • Lab—Disabling record-route
  • Summary

• Chapter 5: Adding Authentication with MySQL
  • Where Are We?
  • The AUTH_DB Module
  • The REGISTER Authentication Sequence
    • Register Sequence (Packets Captured by ngrep)
    • Register Sequence Code Snippet
    • The INVITE Authentication Sequence
      • INVITE Sequence Packet Capture
    • Digest Authentication
      • WWW-Authenticate Response Header
      • The Authorization Request Header
      • QOP—Quality of Protection
    • Installing MySQL Support
    • openser.cfg File Analysis
  • The Openserctl Shell Script
    • Openserctl Resource File
      • Openserctlrc File
    • Using OpenSER with Authentication
    • Enhancing the Script
      • Managing Multiple Domains
      • Alternative Routes
  • The Functions check_to() and check_from()
  • Using Aliases
  • Handling CANCEL requests and retransmissions
  • Full Script with All the Resources Above
  • Lab—Enhancing the Security
  • Lab—Using Aliases
  • Summary

• Chapter 6: Building the User Portal with SerMyAdmin
  • SerMyAdmin
    • Lab—Installing SerMyAdmin
  • Basic Tasks
    • Registering a New User
    • Approving a New User
    • User Management
    • Domain Management
    • Interface Customization
  • Summary

• Chapter 7: Connectivity to the PSTN
  • Where Are We?
    • Requests Sent to the Gateway
    • Requests Coming From the Gateway
    • openser.cfg Inspection
  • Lab—Using Asterisk as a PSTN Gateway
    • Asterisk Gateway (sip.conf)
    • Cisco 2601 Gateway
  • Using LCR (Least Cost Routes)
    • The LCR Module
      • Configuration Diagram
    • VoIP Provider Dial Plan
    • The LCR Table
    • The Gateways Table
      • The Gateway Groups Table
    • Adding, Removing, and Showing LCR and Gateways
    • Openserctl LCR-Related Commands.
      • Notes:
      • Examples:
    • Lab—Using the LCR Feature
      • lcr Gateway Groups
      • lcr Gateways
      • lcr Routes
  • Securing re-INVITES
  • Blacklists and "473/Filtered Destination" messages
  • Summary

• Chapter 8: Call Forward and Voice Mail
  • Call Forwarding
    • Pseudo-Variables
    • AVP (Attribute-Value Pair) Overview
      • AVPOPS Module Loading and Parameters
    • Implementing Blind Call Forwarding
      • Lab—Implementing Blind Call Forwarding
    • Implementing Call Forward on Busy or Unanswered
  • Inspecting the Configuration File
  • Lab—Testing the Call Forward Feature
    • Summary

• Chapter 9: SIP NAT Traversal
  • NAT Types
    • Full Cone
    • Restricted Cone
    • Port Restricted Cone
    • Symmetric
    • NAT Firewall Table
  • Solving the SIP NAT Traversal Challenge
    • Implementing a Far-End NAT Solution
      • RFC3581 and the force_rport() Function
      • Solving the Traversal of RTP Packets
  • Handling REGISTER Requests behind NAT
    • Determining if the Client is behind NAT

• Handling INVITE Messages behind NAT
• Handling the Responses
• MediaProxy Installation and Configuration
  • Installing MediaProxy

• openser.cfg Analysis
  • Modules Loading
  • Modules' Parameters
  • Register Message Processing
  • Invite Message Processing
  • BYE and CANCEL Message Processing
  • RE-INVITE Message Handling
  • Reply Message Handling
  • Routing Script

• Invite Diagram
  • Packet Sequence

• Lab Using MediaProxy for NAT Traversal
  • Implementing a Near-End NAT Solution
    • Why STUN Does Not Work with Symmetric NAT Devices
    • Comparing STUN with TURN (Media Relay Server)
    • ALG—Application Layer Gateways
    • ICE (Interactive Connection Establishment)
  • Summary

• Chapter 10: OpenSER Accounting and Billing
  • Objectives
  • Where Are We?
    • VoIP Provider Architecture
    • Accounting Configuration
    • LAB—Accounting using MySQL
    • openser.cfg Analysis
    • Accounting using RADIUS
  • Installation of FreeRADIUS and CDRTool
    • Packages and Dependencies
    • Create and Configure the Database for the Radius server
    • Configuration of the FreeRADIUS Server
    • Configure the RADIUS Client (radiusclient-ng)
    • Configure OpenSER
    • Test the Configuration after Making a Call
  • Using CDRTool for Rating
    • LAB—CDRTool Installation
    • LAB—Using CDRTool
  • CDRTool Architecture
  • How CDRTool Rates a Call
    • Lab—Creating and Applying a Rating Plan
  • Summary

• Chapter 11: Troubleshooting Tools
  • Objectives
  • Built-in Tools
  • Packet Capture and Trace Tools
    • TShark, Wireshark
    • SipTrace
    • Stress Testing Tools
      • Sipsak
      • SIPp
      • Installing SIPp
      • Stress Test—The SIP Signaling
      • Stress Test—The RTP Signaling
      • Testing MediaProxy
    • Monitoring Tools
  • Summary

• After Words
  • What's New in Version 1.2.3
    • Cancel Handling
    • Blacklist is Disabled by Default
    • Method Filtering
    • Alias_DB
    • Branch_route
  • Migration from 1.2.2 to 1.2.3 and 1.3.1
  • Migrating the Script from Chapter 10 to openser 1.3.1
  • RTPProxy
    • Lab—Installing RTPProxy
  • Areas for Further Investigation
    • Carrier Route
    • Dialog
    • SIP Session Timers
  • SIP Peering
  • TLS Transport Layer Security
  • Development
    • PERL
    • WeSIP
  • Common Mistakes
    • Daemon Does Not Start
    • Client Unable to Register
    • Sending a Call to a Provider with Authentication
    • Typos in the Configuration File
    • The Last Tip
  • Forum and Training
  • Summary

• Index

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